如何使用Cordova命令行界面创建签名的APK文件? [英] How to create a signed APK file using Cordova command line interface?

问题描述

我制作了一个名为checkStatus的示例应用程序.现在，我想创建一个签名的APK文件.因此，我可以将其安装在不同的设备中进行测试.

I made a sample application named checkStatus. Now I want to create a signed APK file. So I can install it in different devices for my testing.

为此，我用Google搜索并找到了文档.

For this, I Googled and found this documentation.

根据文档，我切换到项目目录并运行以下命令:

As per the document, I switched to my project directory and ran the following command:

keytool -genkey -v -keystore key-name.keystore -alias alias-name -keyalg RSA -keysize 2048 -validity 10000

运行上述命令后，在projectRoot/key-name.keystore处获得了一个名为key-name.keystore的文件.

After I ran the above command, I got a file named key-name.keystore at projectRoot/key-name.keystore.

然后我将该文件复制粘贴到projectRoot/platforms/android/key-name.keystore.

And then I copy-pasted that file into projectRoot/platforms/android/key-name.keystore.

之后，我创建了一个名为ant.properties的文件并将其保存在projectRoot/platforms/android中.

After that, I created a file named ant.properties and saved it in projectRoot/platforms/android.

我在文件内部编写了以下代码:

I wrote the following code inside the file:

key.store=projectRoot/key-name.keystore
key.alias=myApp

之后，我运行以下命令来释放

After that, I ran the following command to release

Cordova builds android --release

它抛出以下错误:

 /home/projectRoot/platforms/android/cordova/node_modules/q/q.js:126
                throw e;
                      ^
Error code 1 for command: ant with args: release,-f,/home/projectRoot/platforms/android/build.xml,-Dout.dir=ant-build,-Dgen.absolute.dir=ant-gen

 Error: /home/projectRoot/platforms/android/cordova/build: Command failed with exit code 8
at ChildProcess.whenDone (/usr/lib/node_modules/cordova/node_modules/cordova-lib/src/cordova/superspawn.js:135:23)
at ChildProcess.EventEmitter.emit (events.js:98:17)
at maybeClose (child_process.js:753:16)
at Process.ChildProcess._handle.onexit (child_process.js:820:5)

所以这一次，我以如下方式修改了ant.properties文件中的key.store值.

So this time, I modified key.store value in ant.properties file like in the following way.

 key.store=/home/projectRoot/platforms/android/key-name.keystore

同样，我运行了cordova build android --release命令.它会引发相同的错误.

Again, I ran the cordova build android --release command. It throws the same error.

谁能告诉我我做错了什么?

Can anyone tell me what I've done wrong?

推荐答案

步骤1:

D:\projects\Phonegap\Example> cordova plugin rm org.apache.cordova.console --save

添加--save，以便从config.xml文件中删除插件.

add the --save so that it removes the plugin from the config.xml file.

要生成Android的发行版，我们首先需要对Platforms/android中的AndroidManifest.xml文件进行少量更改.编辑文件并更改行:

To generate a release build for Android, we first need to make a small change to the AndroidManifest.xml file found in platforms/android. Edit the file and change the line:

<application android:debuggable="true" android:hardwareAccelerated="true" android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">

，然后将android:debuggable更改为false:

<application android:debuggable="false" android:hardwareAccelerated="true" android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">

从cordova 6.2.0开始，完全删除android:debuggable标签.这是科尔多瓦的解释:

As of cordova 6.2.0 remove the android:debuggable tag completely. Here is the explanation from cordova:

"HardcodedDebugMode"类型问题的说明: 最好从清单中删除android:debuggable属性. 如果这样做，则该工具将自动插入android:debuggable = true 在模拟器或设备上构建要调试的APK时.当你 执行发布版本(例如导出APK)，它将自动设置 它为假.

Explanation for issues of type "HardcodedDebugMode": It's best to leave out the android:debuggable attribute from the manifest. If you do, then the tools will automatically insert android:debuggable=true when building an APK to debug on an emulator or device. And when you perform a release build, such as Exporting APK, it will automatically set it to false.

另一方面，如果您在清单文件中指定了特定值， 那么工具将始终使用它.这可能会导致意外发布 您的应用中包含调试信息.

If on the other hand you specify a specific value in the manifest file, then the tools will always use it. This can lead to accidentally publishing your app with debug information.

现在我们可以告诉Cordova生成我们的发行版本:

Now we can tell cordova to generate our release build:

D:\projects\Phonegap\Example> cordova build --release android

然后，我们可以在platforms/android/ant-build中找到我们未签名的APK文件.在我们的示例中，文件为platforms/android/ant-build/Example-release-unsigned.apk

Then, we can find our unsigned APK file in platforms/android/ant-build. In our example, the file was platforms/android/ant-build/Example-release-unsigned.apk

注意:此Git Repo中有我们的密钥库keystoreNAME-mobileapps.keystore，如果要创建另一个密钥库，请继续执行以下步骤.

Note : We have our keystore keystoreNAME-mobileapps.keystore in this Git Repo, if you want to create another, please proceed with the following steps.

keytool -genkey -v -keystore <keystoreName>.keystore -alias <Keystore AliasName> -keyalg <Key algorithm> -keysize <Key size> -validity <Key Validity in Days>

例如:

keytool -genkey -v -keystore NAME-mobileapps.keystore -alias NAMEmobileapps -keyalg RSA -keysize 2048 -validity 10000


keystore password? : xxxxxxx
What is your first and last name? :  xxxxxx
What is the name of your organizational unit? :  xxxxxxxx
What is the name of your organization? :  xxxxxxxxx
What is the name of your City or Locality? :  xxxxxxx
What is the name of your State or Province? :  xxxxx
What is the two-letter country code for this unit? :  xxx

然后已生成名称为NAME-mobileapps.keystore的密钥库

Then the Key store has been generated with name as NAME-mobileapps.keystore

将生成的密钥库放在

旧版本的科尔多瓦

D:\projects\Phonegap\Example\platforms\android\ant-build

新版本的科尔多瓦

D:\projects\Phonegap\Example\platforms\android\build\outputs\apk

要对未签名的APK进行签名，请运行JDK中也包含的jarsigner工具:

To sign the unsigned APK, run the jarsigner tool which is also included in the JDK:

jarsigner -verbose -sigalg SHA1withRSA -digestalg SHA1 -keystore <keystorename> <Unsigned APK file> <Keystore Alias name>

例如:

D:\projects\Phonegap\Example\platforms\android\ant-build> jarsigner -verbose -sigalg SHA1withRSA -digestalg SHA1 -keystore NAME-mobileapps.keystore Example-release-unsigned.apk xxxxxmobileapps

OR

D:\projects\Phonegap\Example\platforms\android\build\outputs\apk> jarsigner -verbose -sigalg SHA1withRSA -digestalg SHA1 -keystore NAME-mobileapps.keystore Example-release-unsigned.apk xxxxxmobileapps

Enter KeyPhrase as 'xxxxxxxx'

这会将apk签名到位.

This signs the apk in place.

最后，我们需要运行zip align工具来优化APK:

Finally, we need to run the zip align tool to optimize the APK:

D:\projects\Phonegap\Example\platforms\android\ant-build> zipalign -v 4 Example-release-unsigned.apk Example.apk 

OR

D:\projects\Phonegap\Example\platforms\android\ant-build> C:\Phonegap\adt-bundle-windows-x86_64-20140624\sdk\build-tools\android-4.4W\zipalign -v 4 Example-release-unsigned.apk Example.apk

OR

D:\projects\Phonegap\Example\platforms\android\build\outputs\apk> C:\Phonegap\adt-bundle-windows-x86_64-20140624\sdk\build-tools\android-4.4W\zipalign -v 4 Example-release-unsigned.apk Example.apk

现在，我们有了最终发行版的二进制文件example.apk，可以在Google Play商店中发布它.

Now we have our final release binary called example.apk and we can release this on the Google Play Store.

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