如何使用cordova命令行界面创建签名的APK文件 [英] how to create signed APK file using cordova command line interface

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本文介绍了如何使用cordova命令行界面创建签名的APK文件的处理方法，对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习吧！

问题描述

这是第一次使用 apache Cordova 。我做了一个示例应用程序名称为 checkStatus 。现在我想创建签名的 APK文件。因此我可以安装在不同的设备上进行测试。



为此，Google Googled发现这个文档。



根据文档，我切换到我的项目目录并运行以下命令。

  keytool -genkey -v -keystore key-name.keystore -alias别名-keyalg RSA -keysize 2048 -validity 10000

运行上述命令后，我得到一个文件名为 key-name.keystore 在 projectRoot / key-name.keystore 。



然后我将该文件粘贴到 projectRoot / platforms / android / key-name.keystore p>

之后，我创建了一个文件名为 ant.properties 并保存在 projectRoot / platforms / android



我在文件中写了以下代码

  key.store = projectRoot / key-name.keystore 
 
 key.alias = myApp

之后，我运行以下命令来释放

  Cordova builds android --release

它抛出以下错误

  /home/projectRoot/platforms/android/cordova/node_modules/q/q.js:126 
 throw e; 
 ^ 
命令的错误代码1：ant with args：release，-f，/ home / projectRoot / platforms / android / build.xml，-Dout.dir = ant-build，-Dgen.absolute .dir = ant-gen 
 
错误：/ home / projectRoot / platforms / android / cordova / build：命令失败，退出代码8 
在ChildProcess.whenDone（/ usr / lib / node_modules /cordova/node_modules/cordova-lib/src/cordova/superspawn.js:135:23）
在ChildProcess.EventEmitter.emit（events.js：98：17）
 at maybeClose（child_process.js ：753：16）
在Process.ChildProcess._handle.onexit（child_process.js：820：5）

所以这次，我修改了 ant.properties 文件中的 key.store 

  key.store = / home / projectRoot / platforms / android / key-name.keystore

再次执行 Cordova build android --release 命令。



任何人都可以告诉我哪里出错了？

解决方案

步骤1：



  D：\projects\Phonegap \Example> cordova插件rm org.apache.cordova.console --save

添加--save，使其从config.xml文件中删除插件。



步骤2：



生成Android版本，我们首先需要对平台/ android中的AndroidManifest.xml文件做一个小的更改。编辑文件并更改行：

 < application android：debuggable =trueandroid：hardwareAccelerated = ：icon =@ drawable / iconandroid：label =@ string / app_name>

并将android：debuggable更改为false：


$ b b：

 < application android：debuggable =falseandroid：hardwareAccelerated =trueandroid：icon =@ drawable / iconandroid：label =@ string / app_name >

从cordova 6.2.0开始，完全删除android：debuggable标签。这里是cordova的解释：



解释类型HardcodedDebugMode的问题：
最好从清单中省去android：debuggable属性。
如果你这样做，那么当构建一个APK来在模拟器或设备上调试时，工具会自动插入android：debuggable = true
。当
执行发布版本（例如Exporting APK）时，它会自动将
设置为false。



在清单文件中指定一个特定的值，
然后工具将总是使用它。这可能会导致意外地发布带有调试信息的应用程序
。



步骤3：



我们可以告诉cordova生成我们的发布版本：

  D：\projects\Phonegap\Example> cordova build --release android

然后，我们可以在platforms / android / ant中找到我们的unsigned APK文件-建立。在我们的示例中，文件是platforms / android / ant-build / Example-release-unsigned.apk



步骤4：



注意：我们在这个Git Repo中有我们的密钥库keystoreNAME-mobileapps.keystore，如果要创建另一个，请继续执行以下步骤。



< h2>密钥生成：

语法：



  keytool -genkey  - v -keystore< keystoreName> .keystore -alias< Keystore AliasName> -keyalg< Key algorithm> -keysize< Key size> - 有效性<关键有效天数>



Egs：



 code> keytool -genkey -v -keystore NAME-mobileapps.keystore -alias NAMEmobileapps -keyalg RSA -keysize 2048 -validity 10000 
 
 
密钥库密码？ ：xxxxxxx 
您的名字和姓氏是什么？ ：xxxxxx 
您的单位部门的名称是什么？ ：xxxxxxxx 
您的组织的名称是什么？ ：xxxxxxxxx 
您的城市或地点的名称是什么？ ：xxxxxxx 
您所在州或省的名称是什么？ ：xxxxx 
本单元的双字母国家/地区代码是什么？ ：xxx

然后生成名为NAME-mobileapps.keystore的密钥存储



步骤5：



将生成的密钥库放入



old版本cordova
D：\projects\Phonegap\Example\platforms\android\ant-build



新版本cordova
D：\projects\Phonegap\Example\platforms\android\build\outputs\apk



要签署未签名的APK，请运行jarsigner工具，它也包含在JDK中：



语法：



  jarsigner -verbose -sigalg SHA1withRSA -digestalg SHA1 -keystore< keystorename< Unsigned APK file> <密钥库别名>



Egs：



 code> D：\projects\Phonegap\Example \platforms\android\ant-build> jarsigner -verbose -sigalg SHA1withRSA -digestalg SHA1 -keystore NAME-mobileapps.keystore示例-lease-unsigned.apk xxxxxmobileapps

OR
D：\projects\Phonegap\Example\platforms\android\build\outputs\apk> jarsigner -verbose -sigalg SHA1withRSA -digestalg SHA1 -keystore NAME-mobileapps。 keystore Example-release-unsigned.apk xxxxxmobileapps 

 输入KeyPhrase为'xxxxxxxx'
  
 
 
 
这标志着apk到位。
 
 
 
步骤6：
 
 
 
最后，我们需要运行zip对齐工具来优化APK：
  D： \\ projects\Phonegap\Example \platforms\android\ant-build> zipalign -v 4 Example-release-unsigned.apk Example.apk 
  
或
  D：\projects\Phonegap\Example \platforms\android\ant-build> C：\Phonegap\adt-bundle-windows-x86_64-20140624\sdk\build-tools\android-4.4W\zipalign -v 4示例-example-unsigned.apk Example.apk 
  
 
 
 
或
  D：\projects\Phonegap\Example\platforms\android\build\outputs\apk> C：\Phonegap\adt-bundle-windows-x86_64-20140624\sdk\build-tools\android-4.4W\zipalign -v 4示例-example-unsigned.apk Example.apk 
  
现在我们有最终版本的二进制文件example.apk，我们可以在Google Play Store上发布。 > 
This is the first time working on apache Cordova. I made a sample application name as checkStatus. Now I want to create signed APK file. so I can install in different devices for my testing.



For this, I Googled and found this documentation.



As per document, I switch to my project directory and ran the following command.
keytool -genkey -v -keystore key-name.keystore -alias alias-name -keyalg RSA -keysize 2048 -validity 10000

After ran the above command, I got a file name as key-name.keystore at projectRoot/key-name.keystore. 



And then I copy pasted that file into projectRoot/platforms/android/key-name.keystore.



After that, I created a file name as ant.properties and saved it in projectRoot/platforms/android



I wrote the following code inside the file
key.store=projectRoot/key-name.keystore

key.alias=myApp

after that, I ran the following command to release
Cordova builds android --release

It's throwing following error
 /home/projectRoot/platforms/android/cordova/node_modules/q/q.js:126
                throw e;
                      ^
Error code 1 for command: ant with args: release,-f,/home/projectRoot/platforms/android/build.xml,-Dout.dir=ant-build,-Dgen.absolute.dir=ant-gen

 Error: /home/projectRoot/platforms/android/cordova/build: Command failed with exit code 8
at ChildProcess.whenDone (/usr/lib/node_modules/cordova/node_modules/cordova-lib/src/cordova/superspawn.js:135:23)
at ChildProcess.EventEmitter.emit (events.js:98:17)
at maybeClose (child_process.js:753:16)
at Process.ChildProcess._handle.onexit (child_process.js:820:5)

So this time, I modified key.store value in ant.properties file like in the following way.
 key.store=/home/projectRoot/platforms/android/key-name.keystore

Again ran Cordova build android --release command. the same error it's throwing.



Can anyone tell where I went wrong?
 解决方案 
Step 1:



D:\projects\Phonegap\Example> cordova plugin rm org.apache.cordova.console --save

add the --save so that it removes the plugin from the config.xml file.



Step 2:



To generate a release build for Android, we first need to make a small change to the AndroidManifest.xml file found in platforms/android. Edit the file and change the line:
<application android:debuggable="true" android:hardwareAccelerated="true" android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">

and change android:debuggable to "false":
<application android:debuggable="false" android:hardwareAccelerated="true" android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">

As of cordova 6.2.0 remove the android:debuggable tag completely. Here is the explanation from cordova:



Explanation for issues of type "HardcodedDebugMode":
   It's best to leave out the android:debuggable attribute from the manifest.
   If you do, then the tools will automatically insert android:debuggable=true
   when building an APK to debug on an emulator or device. And when you
   perform a release build, such as Exporting APK, it will automatically set
   it to false.



If on the other hand you specify a specific value in the manifest file,
   then the tools will always use it. This can lead to accidentally publishing
   your app with debug information.



Step 3:



Now we can tell cordova to generate our release build:
D:\projects\Phonegap\Example> cordova build --release android

Then, we can find our unsigned APK file in platforms/android/ant-build. In our example, the file was platforms/android/ant-build/Example-release-unsigned.apk



Step 4:



Note : We have our keystore 'keystoreNAME-mobileapps.keystore' in this Git Repo, if you want to create another, please proceed with the following steps.



Key Generation:



Syntax:



keytool -genkey -v -keystore <keystoreName>.keystore -alias <Keystore AliasName> -keyalg <Key algorithm> -keysize <Key size> -validity <Key Validity in Days>




Egs:



keytool -genkey -v -keystore NAME-mobileapps.keystore -alias NAMEmobileapps -keyalg RSA -keysize 2048 -validity 10000


keystore password? : xxxxxxx
What is your first and last name? :  xxxxxx
What is the name of your organizational unit? :  xxxxxxxx
What is the name of your organization? :  xxxxxxxxx
What is the name of your City or Locality? :  xxxxxxx
What is the name of your State or Province? :  xxxxx
What is the two-letter country code for this unit? :  xxx

Then the Key store has been generated with name as NAME-mobileapps.keystore



Step 5:



Place the generated keystore in



old version cordova
    D:\projects\Phonegap\Example\platforms\android\ant-build



New version cordova
    D:\projects\Phonegap\Example\platforms\android\build\outputs\apk



To sign the unsigned APK, run the jarsigner tool which is also included in the JDK:



Syntax:



jarsigner -verbose -sigalg SHA1withRSA -digestalg SHA1 -keystore <keystorename <Unsigned APK file> <Keystore Alias name>




Egs:



D:\projects\Phonegap\Example\platforms\android\ant-build> jarsigner -verbose -sigalg SHA1withRSA -digestalg SHA1 -keystore NAME-mobileapps.keystore Example-release-unsigned.apk xxxxxmobileapps

OR
    D:\projects\Phonegap\Example\platforms\android\build\outputs\apk> jarsigner -verbose -sigalg SHA1withRSA -digestalg SHA1 -keystore NAME-mobileapps.keystore Example-release-unsigned.apk xxxxxmobileapps
Enter KeyPhrase as 'xxxxxxxx'

This signs the apk in place.



Step 6:



Finally, we need to run the zip align tool to optimize the APK:
D:\projects\Phonegap\Example\platforms\android\ant-build> zipalign -v 4 Example-release-unsigned.apk Example.apk 

OR
D:\projects\Phonegap\Example\platforms\android\ant-build> C:\Phonegap\adt-bundle-windows-x86_64-20140624\sdk\build-tools\android-4.4W\zipalign -v 4 Example-release-unsigned.apk Example.apk

OR
D:\projects\Phonegap\Example\platforms\android\build\outputs\apk> C:\Phonegap\adt-bundle-windows-x86_64-20140624\sdk\build-tools\android-4.4W\zipalign -v 4 Example-release-unsigned.apk Example.apk

Now we have our final release binary called example.apk and we can release this on the Google Play Store.


                        
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