如何使用Xcode转换器创建USDZ文件? [英] How to create USDZ file using Xcode converter?

问题描述

在2018年WWDC上，Apple宣布引入新的USDZ文件格式.

At the 2018 WWDC Apple annouced the introduction of new USDZ file format.

https://developer.apple.com/videos/play/wwdc2018/603/

关于创建USDZ文件，有人说:

In relation to creating USDZ file the following was said:

要创建自己的usdz文件，将usdz_converter捆绑在一起作为Xcode 10 beta的一部分.它是用于从OBJ文件，单帧Alembic(ABC)文件，USD文件(.usda或usd.c)创建usdz文件的命令行工具

To create your own usdz files, a usdz_converter has been bundled as part of Xcode 10 beta. Its a command line tool for creating the usdz file from OBJ files, Single-frame Alembic (ABC) files, USD file (either .usda or usd.c)

基本命令行是

xcrun usdz_converter myFile.obj myFile.usdz

我已经安装了Xcode 10 beta，但无法运行甚至无法在2018年6月4日提供的Xcode 10 beta捆绑包(内部版本10L176w)中找到usdz_converter.

I have installed Xcode 10 beta, but have been unable to run or even find usdz_converter in the Xcode 10 beta bundle made available on the 4th June 2018 (build 10L176w).

注意:我仍在macOS highSierra上运行，我还没有安装macOS Mojave 10.14 beta版...但是不认为那是原因.

note: I’m still running on macOS highSierra, I have not installed macOS Mojave 10.14 beta yet... but didn’t think that should be the reason why.

还有其他人能够使此xcrun usdz_converter正常工作吗?

Has anyone else been able to get this xcrun usdz_converter to work?

如果是，请分享步骤.

If so please share the steps.

推荐答案

更新时间:2020年6月26日.

在 Xcode 12 < 和 Reality Composer 1.5 中/strong> ，您现在可以直接从Reality Composer的UI导出usdz模型.为此，您只需要在首选项"菜单中激活USDZ导出即可.

In macOS 10.16 Big Sur and Reality Composer 1.5 for Xcode 12 you can now export a usdz model right from Reality Composer's UI. For that you just need to activate a USDZ export in Preferences menu.

在 macOS 10.15 Catalina 和 Xcode 11 USDZ converter中，命令集丰富，并支持更多输入的格式要比以前的版本转换.但是在使用它之前，您需要下载 usdz工具.并且不要忘记为Python usdz工具设置全局变量.这是新命令在 Terminal (终端)中的样子:

In macOS 10.15 Catalina and Xcode 11 USDZ converter has a rich set of commands and supports more input formats for conversion than previous version. But before using it you need to download usdz Tools. And don't forget to setup a global variables for Python usdz tools. Here's how a new command looks like in Terminal:

usdzconvert ~/Desktop/file.gltf -diffuseColor albedo.png -metallic brass.jpg

• 在macOS Catalina中，默认命令shell是 ZSH .

因此，如果要使用 USDPython工具，则需要使用以下终端命令创建Shell资源文件.zshrc:

So, if you want to use USDPython tools you need to create a Shell Resource file .zshrc using the following Terminal command:

touch ~/.zshrc

然后，您必须使用以下命令打开此文件:

Then you have to open this file using:

open ~/.zshrc

现在，您可以将以下行添加到zsh资源文件中:

Now you can add these lines into zsh resource file:

export PATH="/Users/yourUserName/usdpython/USD:$PATH"
export PATH="/Users/yourUserName/usdpython/usdzconvert:$PATH"
export PYTHONPATH="/Users/yourUserName/usdpython/USD/lib/python:$PYTHONPATH"

echo "Now I can use USDPython commands here."

保存并重新启动终端.

usdzconvert是一个Python脚本，可将以下资产转换为usdz:

usdzconvert is a Python script that converts the following assets into usdz:

• obj
• gltf
• fbx
• abc
• usda
• usdc
• 美元

如果需要使用FBX格式转换，则必须下载并安装 FBX Python SDK .

If you need to use FBX format conversion you have to download and install FBX Python SDK.

然后在.zshrc文件中再添加一行:

Then add to .zshrc file one more line:

export PYTHONPATH="/Applications/Autodesk/FBXPythonSDK/2020.0.1/lib/Python27_ub:$PYTHONPATH"

保存.zshrc文件并重新启动终端.

Save .zshrc file and restart Terminal.

这里是您可以在终端机中看到的选项的完整列表，键入 usdzconvert -h :

Here's a full list of options you can see in Terminal, typing usdzconvert -h :

# DON'T USE usdzconvert 0.63 BECAUSE IT CAUSES ERRORS.

# DO USE usdzconvert 0.62
# or
# DO USE usdzconvert 0.64

outputFile                           Output .usd/usda/usdc/usdz files.
-h, --help                           Show this help message and exit.
-f <file>                            Read arguments from <file>
-v                                   Verbose output.
-url <url>                           Add URL metadata
-copyright "copyright message"       Add copyright metadata
-copytextures                        Copy texture files (for .usd/usda/usdc) workflows
-metersPerUnit value                 Set metersPerUnit attribute with float value
-loop                                Set animation loop flag to 1
-no-loop                             Set animation loop flag to 0
-m materialName                      Subsequent material arguments apply to this material.
-iOS12                               Make output file compatible with iOS 12 frameworks
-texCoordSet name                    The name of the texture coordinates to use for current material.
                        
-diffuseColor r,g,b                  Set diffuseColor to constant color r,g,b with values in the range [0 .. 1]
-diffuseColor <file> fr,fg,fb        Use <file> as texture for diffuseColor.
                                     fr,fg,fb: (optional) constant fallback color, with values in the range [0..1].
                        
-normal x,y,z                        Set normal to constant value x,y,z in tangent space [(-1, -1, -1), (1, 1, 1)].
-normal <file> fx,fy,fz              Use <file> as texture for normal.
                                     fx,fy,fz: (optional) constant fallback value, with values in the range [-1..1].
                        
-emissiveColor r,g,b                 Set emissiveColor to constant color r,g,b with values in the range [0..1]
-emissiveColor <file> fr,fg,fb       Use <file> as texture for emissiveColor.
                                     fr,fg,fb: (optional) constant fallback color, with values in the range [0..1].
                        
-metallic c                          Set metallic to constant c, in the range [0..1]
-metallic ch <file> fc               Use <file> as texture for metallic.
                                     ch: (optional) texture color channel (r, g, b or a).
                                     fc: (optional) fallback constant in the range [0..1]
                        
-roughness c                         Set roughness to constant c, in the range [0..1]
-roughness ch <file> fc              Use <file> as texture for roughness.
                                     ch: (optional) texture color channel (r, g, b or a).
                                     fc: (optional) fallback constant in the range [0..1]
                        
-occlusion c                         Set occlusion to constant c, in the range [0..1]
-occlusion ch <file> fc              Use <file> as texture for occlusion.
                                     ch: (optional) texture color channel (r, g, b or a).
                                     fc: (optional) fallback constant in the range [0..1]
                        
-opacity c                           Set opacity to constant c, in the range [0..1]
-opacity ch <file> fc                Use <file> as texture for opacity.
                                     ch: (optional) texture color channel (r, g, b or a).
                                     fc: (optional) fallback constant in the range [0..1]

-clearcoat c                         Set clearcoat to constant c, in the range [0..1]
-clearcoat ch <file> fc              Use <file> as texture for clearcoat.
                                     ch: (optional) texture color channel (r, g, b or a).
                                     fc: (optional) fallback constant in the range [0..1]

-clearcoatRoughness c                Set clearcoat roughness to constant c, in the range [0..1]
-clearcoatRoughness ch <file> fc     Use <file> as texture for clearcoat roughness.
                                     ch: (optional) texture color channel (r, g, b or a).
                                     fc: (optional) fallback constant in the range [0..1]




或者，您可以使用

Or, instead of using a command line conversion tool (CLI), you could use a Reality Converter app (GUI). The new app makes it easy to convert, view, and customise .usdz objects on Mac. Simply drag-and-drop common 3D file formats, such as .obj, .gltf and .usd, to view the converted .usdz result, customise material properties with your own textures, and edit file metadata. You can even preview your .usdz object under a variety of lighting and environment conditions with built-in IBL options.




在 macOS 10.14 Mojave 和 Xcode 10 USDZ converter中，参数和标志的设置略有不同.这是旧命令在终端中的样子:

In macOS 10.14 Mojave and Xcode 10 USDZ converter has a slightly different set of arguments and flags. Here's how an old command looks like in Terminal:

xcrun usdz_converter file.obj file.usdz -color_map color.jpg -ao_map ao.png

• 在macOS Mojave中，默认命令外壳为 BASH .

这里是您可以在终端机中看到的选项的完整列表，键入 xcrun usdz_converter -h :

Here's a full list of options you can see in Terminal, typing xcrun usdz_converter -h :

-g groupName [groupNames ...]        Apply subsequent material properties to the named group(s).
-m materialName [materialNames ...]  Apply subsequent material properties to the named material(s).
-h                                   Display help.
-a                                   Generate a .usda intermediate file.  Default is .usdc.
-l                                   Leave the intermediate .usd file in the source folder.
-v                                   Verbose output.
-f                    filePath       Read commands from a file.
-texCoordSet          set            The name of the texturemap coordinate set to use if multiple exist (no quotes).
-opacity              o              Floating point value 0.0...1.0

-color_default        r g b a        Floating point values 0.0...1.0
-normal_default       r g b a        Floating point values 0.0...1.0
-emissive_default     r g b a        Floating point values 0.0...1.0
-metallic_default     r g b a        Floating point values 0.0...1.0
-roughness_default    r g b a        Floating point values 0.0...1.0
-ao_default           r g b a        Floating point values 0.0...1.0

-color_map            filePath
-normal_map           filePath
-emissive_map         filePath
-metallic_map         filePath
-roughness_map        filePath
-ao_map               filePath

这篇关于如何使用Xcode转换器创建USDZ文件?的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！