自制python 2.7与OS X python 2.7 [英] Homebrew python 2.7 vs OS X python 2.7

问题描述

这是我第一次在这里问问题，如果我做错了事，请提前抱歉.问题是我使用Homebrew安装python 2以避免使用OS X系统python(因为建议这样做)，但是当我在终端输入python时，它仍在使用系统python.

this is my first time asking a question here so sorry in advance if I'm doing something wrong. The problem is I installed python 2 using Homebrew to avoid using OS X system python (since it is recommended to do so), but when I type in the terminal - python, it is still using the system python.

哪个-a python给出: /usr/bin/python

which -a python gives: /usr/bin/python

编写python会给出:

writing python gives:

Python 2.7.10 (default, Oct 23 2015, 19:19:21) 
[GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple LLVM 7.0.0 (clang-700.0.59.5)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> exit() 

并执行python2可以得到:

and doing python2 gives:

Python 2.7.13 (default, Jul 18 2017, 09:16:53) 
[GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple LLVM 8.0.0 (clang-800.0.42.1)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> exit()

我只想编写python而不是python2来使用Homebrew版本.

I would like to just write python and not python2 to use the Homebrew version.

另外，回显$ PATH

Also, echo $PATH

/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/go/bin

和/etc/paths

and /etc/paths

/usr/local/bin
/usr/bin
/bin
/usr/sbin
/sbin
/etc/paths (END)

我应该怎么做才能使用Homebrew python，而不要使用默认的系统python. P.D.我也用Hombrew安装了python 3.

What should I do to use Homebrew python and not the default system python. P.D. I installed python 3 with Hombrew too.

推荐答案

自制的最近更改了处理Python 2.x和3.x的方式.默认情况下，它不再隐藏macOS的python，而是将Python 2.x安装为python2，而将Python 3.x安装为python3.

Homebrew recently changed the way it handles Python 2.x vs 3.x. It no longer shadows macOS’s python by default and instead installs Python 2.x as python2 and Python 3.x as python3.

实际上，它确实安装了python，但没有在/usr/local/bin中进行符号链接，因此为什么您的shell无法找到它.如果您希望一切正常运行，则需要将其添加到$PATH:

In fact, it does install python but doesn’t symlink it in /usr/local/bin, hence why your shell can’t find it. If you wish to get everything working as before you need to add it to your $PATH:

export PATH="$(brew --prefix python)/libexec/bin:$PATH"

您还可以从python到python2以及从pip到pip2添加别名，但这是更糟糕的解决方案，因为每个可执行文件都需要一个别名.

You could also add an alias from python to python2 and from pip to pip2 but it’s a worse solution because you need one alias for each executable.

# in your ~/.bash_profile
alias python=python2
alias pip=pip2

然后启动新的终端会话以使更改生效.

Then start a new terminal session for the changes to take effect.

有关更多信息，请参见官方文档.在brew info python中也对此进行了概述:

See the official documentation for more info. This is also outlined in brew info python:

$ brew info python
python: stable 2.7.13, HEAD
...
==> Caveats
This formula installs a python2 executable to /usr/local/bin.
If you wish to have this formula's python executable in your PATH then add
the following to ~/.bash_profile:
  export PATH="/usr/local/opt/python/libexec/bin:$PATH"

Pip and setuptools have been installed. To update them
  pip2 install --upgrade pip setuptools

You can install Python packages with
  pip2 install <package>

They will install into the site-package directory
  /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages
...

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