使用AppleScript用短划线替换文件名中的无效字符 [英] Replacing invalid characters in the filename with dashes using AppleScript

问题描述

我的目标是使用AppleScript或Javascript在Automator中创建服务，该服务将所选文件名()[\\/:"*?<>|]+_的所有无效字符和空格替换为短划线(-)，并使文件名小写.

My goal is to create service in Automator using AppleScript or Javascript which replaces all invalid characters of selected filename ()[\\/:"*?<>|]+_ and spaces with dashes (-) and make filename lowercase.

推荐答案

可以通过使用Automator Service中的Bash Shell脚本来替换文件/文件夹名称中不允许的字符.

The replacement of impermissible characters in a file/folder name can be achieved by utilizing a Bash Shell script in your Automator Service.

以下步骤描述了如何实现:

The following steps describe how to achieve this:

1. 启动自动化器
2. 键入⌘N，或从菜单栏中选择File> New.
3. 选择Service并单击Choose

4. 在画布区域的顶部，按以下方式配置其设置:

1. Launch Automator
2. Type ⌘N, or choose File > New from the Menu bar.
3. Select Service and click Choose

4. At the top of the canvas area configure its settings as follows:

在左侧面板/列的顶部选择Library:

Select Library at the top of the panel/column on the left:

• 在搜索字段中输入:获取选择查找器项，然后将Get Select Finder items操作拖到画布区域.

• In the search field type: Get Select Finder items and drag the Get Select Finder items action into the canvas area.

在搜索字段中键入:运行Shell 并将Run Shell Script操作拖到画布区域.

In the search field type: Run Shell and drag the Run Shell Script action into the canvas area.

按如下所示配置Run Shell Script操作的顶部:

Configure the top part of the Run Shell Script action as follows:

将以下Bash脚本添加到Run shell Script操作的主要区域:

Add the following Bash script to the main area of the Run shell Script action:

#!/usr/bin/env bash

# The following characters are considered impermissible in a basename:
#
#  - Left Square Bracket:   [
#  - Right Square Bracket:  ]
#  - Left Parenthesis:      (
#  - Reverse Solidus:       \
#  - Colon:                 :
#  - Quotation Mark         "
#  - Single Quotation Mark  '
#  - Asterisk               *
#  - Question Mark          ?
#  - Less-than Sign         <
#  - Greater-than Sign      >
#  - Vertical Line          |
#  - Plus Sign              +
#  - Space Character
#  - UnderScore             _
#
#  1. Sed is utilized for character replacement therefore characters listed
#     in the bracket expression [...] must be escaped as necessary.
#  2. Any forward slashes `/` in the basename are substituted by default with
#     a Colon `:` at the shell level - so it's unnecessary to search for them.
#
declare -r IMPERMISSIBLE_CHARS="[][()\\:\"'*?<>|+_ ]"
declare -r REPLACEMENT_STRING="-"

# Obtain the POSIX path of each selected item in the `Finder`. Input must
# passed to this script via a preceding `Get Selected Finder Items` action
# in an Automator Services workflow.
declare selected_items=("$@")

declare -a sorted_paths
declare -a numbered_paths

# Prefix the POSIX path depth level to itself to aid sorting.
for ((i = 0; i < "${#selected_items[@]}"; i++)); do
  numbered_paths+=("$(echo "${selected_items[$i]}" | \
      awk -F "/" '{ print NF-1, $0 }')")
done

# Sort each POSIX path in an array by descending order of its depth.
# This ensures deeper paths are renamed before shallower paths.
IFS=$'\n' read -rd '' -a sorted_paths <<<  \
    "$(printf "%s\\n" "${numbered_paths[@]}" | sort -rn )"


# Logic to perform replacement of impermissible characters in a path basename.
# @param: {Array} - POSIX paths sorted by depth in descending order.
renameBaseName() {
  local paths=("$@") new_basename new_path

  for path in "${paths[@]}"; do

    # Remove numerical prefix from each $path.
    path="$(sed -E "s/^[0-9]+ //" <<< "$path")"

    # Replaces impermissible characters in path basename
    # and subsitutes uppercase characters with lowercase.
    new_basename="$(sed "s/$IMPERMISSIBLE_CHARS/$REPLACEMENT_STRING/g" <<< \
        "$(basename "${path}")" | tr "[:upper:]" "[:lower:]")"

    # Concatenate original dirname and new basename to form new path.
    new_path="$(dirname "${path}")"/"$new_basename"

    # Only rename the item when:
    # - New path does not already exist to prevent data loss.
    # - New basename length is less than or equal to 255 characters.
    if ! [ -e "$new_path" ] && [[ ${#new_basename} -le 255 ]]; then
      mv -n "$path" "$new_path"
    fi
  done
}

renameBaseName "${sorted_paths[@]}"

您的Automator Service/工作流程的完整画布区域现在应显示如下:

The completed canvas area of your Automator Service/Workflow should now appear something like this:

键入⌘S，或从菜单栏中选择File> Save.我们将文件命名为Replace Impermissible Chars.

Type ⌘S, or choose File > Save from the Menu bar. Let's name the file Replace Impermissible Chars.

---

运行服务:

1. 在 Finder 中:

• 选择一个单个文件或文件夹，然后 ctrl + 单击以显示上下文菜单
• 在上下文菜单中选择Replace Impermissible Chars服务以运行它.

• Select a single file or folder and then ctrl+click to show the contextual menu
• Select the Replace Impermissible Chars service in the contextual menu to run it.

或者，在 Finder 中:

• 选择多个文件和/或文件夹，然后 ctrl + 单击以显示上下文菜单
• 在上下文菜单中选择Replace Impermissible Chars服务以运行它.

• Select multiple files and/or folders and then ctrl+click to show the contextual menu
• Select the Replace Impermissible Chars service in the contextual menu to run it.

---

注意:

1. Finder 将允许在一次选择的多达1000个文件/文件夹上运行服务.

1. The Finder will allow the Service to be run on up to 1000 files/folders selected at once.

如果这是您创建的第一个Automator Service，则可能(如果我没有记错的话)需要重新启动计算机，以使其可以通过上下文弹出窗口使用菜单.

If this is the first Automator Service you have created you may (if I've remembered correctly!) need to restart your computer for it to become available via the contextual pop-up menu.

如果满足以下两个条件之一，则Bash Shell脚本不会替换文件/文件夹名称中的不允许字符:

The Bash Shell script will not replace impermissible characters in a file/folder name if either of the following two conditions are met:

• 如果已经存在与生成的新文件/文件夹名称匹配的文件/文件夹名称.例如:假设我们有一个名为hello-world.txt的文件，在同一个文件夹中有一个名为hello?world.txt的文件.如果我们在hello?world.txt上运行服务，则其名称将不会被更正/更改，因为这可能会覆盖已经存在的hello-world.txt文件.

• If a file/folder name already exists which matches the name of a resultant new file/folder name. For example: Let's say we have a file named hello-world.txt and in the same folder a file named hello?world.txt. If we run the Service on hello?world.txt, it's name will not be corrected/changed as this would potentially overwrite the hello-world.txt file which already exists.

如果生成的文件名为>=，则为255个字符.当然，仅当您将REPLACEMENT_STRING值(在Bash/Shell脚本中)更改为多个字符而不是一个连字符-时，才会发生这种情况.

If the resultant file name is >= to 255 characters. This may of course only occur if you were to change the REPLACEMENT_STRING value (in the Bash/Shell script) to more than one character, instead of just a single hyphen -.

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