使用sed用char'X'替换两个字符串之间的所有字符 [英] Substitute all characters between two strings by char 'X' using sed

问题描述

在Bash脚本中，我试图在文件内用'X'替换两个给定字符串之间的字符.我有一堆字符串对，我希望在它们之间用'X'替换字符.
在下面的代码中，在 cpi_list 数组中声明了该对中的 first 字符串.该对中的 second 字符串始终为 %26或&或ENDOFLINE

In a Bash script, I am trying to in-file replace the characters between two given strings by 'X'. I have bunch of string pair, between which I want the replacement of characters by 'X' should happen.
In the below code, the first string in the pair is declared in cpi_list array. The second string in the pair is always either %26 or & or ENDOFLINE

这就是我在做什么.

# list of "first" or "start" string
declare -a cpi_list=('%26Name%3d' '%26Pwd%3d')  

# This is the "end" string
myAnd=\%26
newfile="inputlog.txt"

for item in "${cpi_list[@]}";
do
    sed -i -e :a -e "s/\($item[X]*\)[^X]\(.*"$myAnd"\)/\1X\2/;ta" $newfile;
done

输入

CPI.%26Name%3dJASON%26Pwd%3dBOTTLE%26Name%3dCOTT
CPI.%26Name%3dVoorhees&machete

我要做到

CPI.%26Name%3dXXXXX%26Pwd%3dXXXXXX%26Name%3dXXXX
CPI.%26Name%3dXXXXXXXX&machete

PS:即使没有终点%26，最后一项也需要将%26Name%3dCOTT更改为%26Name%3dXXXX，因为我正在寻找%26作为终点或END OF THE LINE

PS: The last item need also change %26Name%3dCOTT to %26Name%3dXXXX even though there is no end %26 because I am looking for either %26 as the end point or the END OF THE LINE

但是以某种方式它不起作用.

But somehow it is not working.

推荐答案

这将在从任何UNIX安装中的任何shell调用的任何awk中工作:

This will work in any awk called from any shell in any UNIX installation:

$ cat tst.awk
BEGIN {
    begs = "%26Name%3d|%26Pwd%3d"
    ends = "%26|&"
}
{
    head = ""
    tail = $0
    while( match(tail, begs) ) {
        tgtStart = RSTART + RLENGTH
        tgt = substr(tail,tgtStart)
        if ( match(tgt, ends) ) {
            tgt = substr(tgt,1,RSTART-1)
        }

        gsub(/./,"X",tgt)
        head = head substr(tail,1,tgtStart-1) tgt
        tail = substr(tail,tgtStart+length(tgt))
    }
    $0 = head tail

    print
}

$ cat file
CPI.%26Name%3dJASON%26Pwd%3dBOTTLE%26Name%3dCOTT
CPI.%26Name%3dVoorhees&machete

$ awk -f tst.awk file
CPI.%26Name%3dXXXXX%26Pwd%3dXXXXXX%26Name%3dXXXX
CPI.%26Name%3dXXXXXXXX&machete

就像使用sed替代一样，beg和end字符串中的任何正则表达式元字符都需要转义，否则我们将不得不使用带有index()而不是match()的循环，因此我们需要进行字符串匹配而不是正则表达式匹配.

Just like with a sed subsitution, any regexp metacharacter in the beg and end strings would need to be escaped or we'd have to use a loop with index()s instead of match() so we'd do string matching instead of regexp matching.

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