使用awk/sed查找和替换文件中的键值对到其他 [英] Using awk / sed to find and replace key value pair from file to other

问题描述

我有一个名为key.txt的键值文件，带有:分隔符. 值的显示方式如下:

I have a key value file, named key.txt, with a : separator. This is how values are displayed:

server_name:server1
username:someuser
keyname:123key

我的第二个文件是一个脚本文件，该文件在整个文件中都有这些键.它以以下格式显示在文件中的任何位置，与行或列无关:

My second file is a script file, which has these keys all over the file. It shows up in following format anywhere in file doesn't matter which line or column:

what is the servername '%%server_name%%'
Enter your username '%%username%%' 
What is the ssh key value '%%keyname%%'

我想要做的是，当我运行命令时，它将在第二个文件中找到键server_name，并将键%%server_name%%替换为文件server1中的值，但要确保它带有引号之前和之后.

What I want to do is when I run the command it will find the key server_name in my second file and replace the key %%server_name%% with value from file one which is server1, but make sure it has quotes before and after.

所以我的新文件将如下所示:

So my new file will look like this:

what is the servername 'server1' 
Enter your username 'someuser' 
What is the ssh key value '123key'

我在论坛上查看时发现了此代码，但无法使其正常工作.

I looked on forum found this code but unable to make it work.

awk 'NR==FNR {url[$1]=$2; next} {for (i=1; i<=NF; i++) if ($i in url) $i=url[$i]; print}' key.txt file2.txt

+ xxd keys.txt
0000000: 7371 6c5f 7365 7276 6572 5f6e 616d 653a  sql_server_name:
0000010: 7465 7374 5f73 6571 7365 7276 6572 5f31  test_seqserver_1
0000020: 3233 340d 0a0d 0a73 716c 5f6c 6f67 696e  234....sql_login
0000030: 5f6e 616d 653a 7465 7374 5f6c 6f67 696e  _name:test_login
0000040: 5f6e 616d 650d 0a0d 0a70 6173 7377 6f72  _name....passwor
0000050: 643a 7465 7374 5f70 6173 7377 6f72 6420  d:test_password 
0000060: 0d0a 0d0a 5349 443a 3132 3334 3536 200d  ....SID:123456 .
0000070: 0a0d 0a64 6566 6175 6c74 5f64 6174 6162  ...default_datab
0000080: 6173 653a 7465 6d70 6462 0d0a 0d0a 6465  ase:tempdb....de
0000090: 6661 756c 745f 6c61 6e67 7561 6765 3a75  fault_language:u
00000a0: 735f 656e 676c 6973 680d 0a0d 0a63 6865  s_english....che
00000b0: 636b 5f65 7870 6972 6174 696f 6e3a 4f46  ck_expiration:OF
00000c0: 460d 0a0d 0a63 6865 636b 5f70 6f6c 6963  F....check_polic
00000d0: 793a 4f46 460d 0a0d 0a64 656c 6976 6572  y:OFF....deliver
00000e0: 7974 7970 653a 7363 6865 6475 6c65 640d  ytype:scheduled.
00000f0: 0a0d 0a73 6368 6564 756c 6564 5f64 656c  ...scheduled_del
0000100: 6976 6572 7964 6174 653a 3035 2d33 302d  iverydate:05-30-
0000110: 3230 3939 0d0a 0d0a 7363 6865 6475 6c65  2099....schedule
0000120: 645f 6465 6c69 7665 7279 5f32 3468 725f  d_delivery_24hr_
0000130: 6365 6e74 7261 6c5f 7469 6d65 3a31 3135  central_time:115
0000140: 3920 0d0a 0d0a 0d0a 0d0a 0d0a 0d0a 0d0a  9 ..............

推荐答案

您可以使用sed将key.txt转换为一系列sed替换，然后在输入文件上运行它们:

You can use sed to turn key.txt into a series of sed substitutions, then run these on your input file:

$ sed '/^[[:blank:]]*$/d;s|^|s/%%|;s|:|%%/|;s|$|/|' key.txt | sed -f - infile
what is the servername 'server1'
Enter your username 'someuser'
What is the ssh key value '123key'

第一个sed命令具有以下输出:

The first sed command has this output:

s/%%server_name%%/server1/
s/%%username%%/someuser/
s/%%keyname%%/123key/

然后，我们使用sed -f -运行这些命令，其中-f表示从文件读取命令"，而特殊文件-是标准输入.

Then we run these commands with sed -f -, where -f says "read commands from a file", and the special file - is standard input.

仔细研究第一个命令的作用:

A closer look at what the first command does:

sed '
/^[[:blank:]]*$/d  # Delete blank lines in key file
s|^|s/%%|          # Insert "s/%%" at the start of the line
s|:|%%/|           # Replace ":" with "%%/"
s|$|/|             # Insert "/" at the end of the line
' key.txt

我将|用作分隔符，而不是更常见的/，因此我不必转义斜线:s/$/\//也可以.

I'm using | as delimiter instead of the more common / so I don't have to escape my slashes: s/$/\// would work, too.

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