Django创建自定义模型字段 [英] Django creating a custom model field

问题描述

我正在尝试在Django中创建一个自定义字段，该字段将使用十进制货币值（例如：1.56英镑）并将其保存为数据库中的整数（例如：156）来存储货币值。

I am trying to create a custom field in Django which will take a decimal currency value (example: £1.56) and save it in the database as an Integer (example: 156) to store currency values.

这是我到目前为止的结果（我已经测试了固定值）

This is what I have so far (I have put fixed values to test)

class CurrencyField(models.DecimalField):
    __metaclass__ = models.SubfieldBase

    def get_internal_type(self):
        return 'PositiveIntegerField'

    def to_python(self, value):   
        print "CurrentField to_python"

        return Decimal(value)/100

    def get_db_prep_value(self, value, connection, prepared=False):
        print "CurrentField get_db_prep_value"
        if value is None:
            return value

        print type(value)

        return int(value*100)

我正在关注用于创建自定义模型字段的Python 1.7文档。

在上面的代码中，当我使用此字段保存模型时，永远不会调用 get_db_prep_value 方法。 to_python 方法可以正常工作（如果我在数据库中手动输入值，它将返回正确的十进制数），但是它将永远不会保存正确的值。

In the above code, the get_db_prep_value method is never being called when I save the model using this field. The to_python method is working fine (if I manually enter the value in the DB it will return the correct decimal), however it will never save the correct value.

我也尝试过使用 get_prep_value ，并且结果相同。

I have also tried using get_prep_value and this has the same result.

如何使它保存正确的值？

How can I make it save the correct value?

推荐答案

基于整数的MoneyField

我已经使用了Django这段代码了一段时间，但后来意识到在保存数据库之前转换为整数时会引入浮点伪像。

I've been using this Django snippet for some time, but realized later it was introducing floating-point artifacts when converting to an integer before saving the the database.

此外，自Django 1.9起， SubfieldBase已弃用，我们应该改用Field.from_db_value。因此，我已经编辑了代码来解决这两个问题。

Also, as of Django 1.9 SubfieldBase has been deprecated and we should use Field.from_db_value instead. So I've edited the code to fix both of these issues.

class CurrencyField(models.IntegerField):
  description = "A field to save dollars as pennies (int) in db, but act like a float"

  def get_db_prep_value(self, value, *args, **kwargs):
    if value is None:
      return None
    return int(round(value * 100))

  def to_python(self, value):
    if value is None or isinstance(value, float):
      return value
    try:
      return float(value) / 100
    except (TypeError, ValueError):
      raise ValidationError("This value must be an integer or a string represents an integer.")

  def from_db_value(self, value, expression, connection, context):
    return self.to_python(value)

  def formfield(self, **kwargs):
    from django.forms import FloatField
    defaults = {'form_class': FloatField}
    defaults.update(kwargs)
    return super(CurrencyField, self).formfield(**defaults)

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