在Django中使用自定义字段扩展用户模型 [英] Extending the User model with custom fields in Django

问题描述

使用自定义字段扩展用户模型（与Django认证应用程序捆绑在一起）的最佳方式是什么？我也可能希望使用电子邮件作为用户名（用于身份验证）。

What's the best way to extend the User model (bundled with Django's authentication app) with custom fields? I would also possibly like to use the email as the username (for authentication purposes).

我已经看到一个几个 方式来做，但不能决定哪一个是最好的。 / p>

I've already seen a few ways to do it, but can't decide on which one is the best.

推荐答案

最不痛苦，确实是Django推荐的方法是通过一个 OneToOneField（User）属性。

The least painful and indeed Django-recommended way of doing this is through a OneToOneField(User) property.

扩展现有的用户模型

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Extending the existing User model

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如果您想存储与用户相关的信息，可以使用一对一关系到包含附加信息字段的模型。这种一对一模型通常称为配置文件模型，因为它可能存储有关站点用户的非验证相关信息。

If you wish to store information related to User, you can use a one-to-one relationship to a model containing the fields for additional information. This one-to-one model is often called a profile model, as it might store non-auth related information about a site user.

那就是说，扩展 django.contrib.auth.models.User 并取代它也可以工作...

That said, extending django.contrib.auth.models.User and supplanting it also works...

替换自定义用户模型

某些项目可能具有Django内置的认证要求 User 模型并不总是适合的。例如，在某些网站上，使用电子邮件地址作为识别令牌而不是用户名更有意义。

Substituting a custom User model

Some kinds of projects may have authentication requirements for which Django’s built-in User model is not always appropriate. For instance, on some sites it makes more sense to use an email address as your identification token instead of a username.

[Ed：两个警告和之间的通知，请注意这是非常激烈的。]

[Ed: Two warnings and a notification follow, mentioning that this is pretty drastic.]

我绝对不要在Django源代码树中更改实际的User类，或者复制和更改验证模块。

I would definitely stay away from changing the actual User class in your Django source tree and/or copying and altering the auth module.

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