Django模型,自定义功能 [英] Django models, custom functions

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问题描述

我正在用django创建简单的应用程序。此外,我意识到我经常做某种操作。例如,我经常需要获取所有具有isPublick = True的文章对象。所以我想是可以在模型中定义get_published函数?



如果模型看起来像这样(简化的)

  class Article(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(...)
isPublished = models.BooleandField()

def get_active(self):
return Article.objects.filter(isPublicshed = 1)

但是这样做不行



你可以建议一种实现这个功能的方法吗?

解决方案

你可能想要的是一个自定义管理器



从django文档:

 #一个称为对象的自定义管理器的示例。 

class PersonManager(models.Manager):
def get_fun_people(self):
return self.filter(fun = True)

class Person
first_name = models.CharField(max_length = 30)
last_name = models.CharField(max_length = 30)
fun = models.BooleanField()
objects = PersonManager()

def __unicode __(self):
return u%s%s%(self.first_name,self.last_name)

,然后允许您执行以下操作:

 >>> p1 = Person(first_name ='Bugs',last_name ='Bunny',fun = True)
>>> p1.save()
>>> p2 = Person(first_name ='Droopy',last_name ='Dog',fun = False)
>>> p2.save()
>>> Person.objects.get_fun_people()
[< Person:Bugs Bunny>]


I am creating simple application with django. Also, I realized that I am doing some kind of operations very often. For example I often need to get all Article objects which have isPublick = True. So I am thinking is that possible to define get_published function in model?

if models looks like this (simplified)

class Article(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(...)
    isPublished = models.BooleandField()

    def get_active(self):
       return Article.objects.filter(isPublicshed = 1)

But it doesn't work this way

Can you suggest a way of implementing the function?

解决方案

What you probably want is a custom manager

From the django docs:

        # An example of a custom manager called "objects".

class PersonManager(models.Manager):
    def get_fun_people(self):
        return self.filter(fun=True)

class Person(models.Model):
    first_name = models.CharField(max_length=30)
    last_name = models.CharField(max_length=30)
    fun = models.BooleanField()
    objects = PersonManager()

    def __unicode__(self):
        return u"%s %s" % (self.first_name, self.last_name)

which then allows you to do something like:

>>> p1 = Person(first_name='Bugs', last_name='Bunny', fun=True)
>>> p1.save()
>>> p2 = Person(first_name='Droopy', last_name='Dog', fun=False)
>>> p2.save()
>>> Person.objects.get_fun_people()
[<Person: Bugs Bunny>]

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