将Google protobuf lib静态链接到dll库 [英] Statically link google protobuf lib into a dll library

问题描述

在说明页上，用于安装和使用google protobuf库（安装Windows上的Protobuf ）指出：

On the instructional page for installing and using the google protobuf library (Install Protobuf On Windows) it states:

如果您的项目本身是供第三方软件使用的DLL，则我们建议您不要在库的公共接口中公开协议缓冲区对象，并且将协议缓冲区静态链接到库中。

我想知道如何实现这一目标。据我所知，您可以通过两种方式构建Google protobuf：静态和动态。

I am wondering how this can be accomplished. As far as i know, you can build google protobuf in 2 ways: Statically and dynamically.

如果动态地构建它，将会面临上述问题。如果以静态方式构建它，那么您将在Visual Studio中使用多线程（/ MT）的Code生成类型。这意味着在我的dll库（使用多线程DLL（/ MD）构建的dll）中，您将收到以下链接器错误：

If you build it dynamiclly you will face the aformentioned problems. If you build it statically then you are using the Code generation type in Visual studio of Multi-threaded (/MT). Which means in my dll lib (where it is built with Multi-threaded DLL (/MD)) you will get the following linker error:

错误LNK2038：检测到 RuntimeLibrary的不匹配：Emulator.obj中的值 MTd_StaticDebug与值 MDd_DynamicDebug不匹配。obj

error LNK2038: mismatch detected for 'RuntimeLibrary': value 'MTd_StaticDebug' doesn't match value 'MDd_DynamicDebug' in Emulator.obj

现在有一些问题涉及如何解决此问题：

Now there are a few questions covering how to solve this:

• 错误LNK2038：检测到 _MSC_VER不匹配：值 1600没有在CppFile1.obj中匹配值'1700'


• 检测到 RuntimeLibrary不匹配


• （非常相似）在MSVC 2013上链接到protobuf 3时出错

• error LNK2038: mismatch detected for '_MSC_VER': value '1600' doesn't match value '1700' in CppFile1.obj
• Mismatch Detected for 'RuntimeLibrary'
• (Very similar) Errors when linking to protobuf 3 on MSVC 2013

但是答案通常是更改您的lib以匹配其他库的构建类型。问题是，我不想这样做，我想要一个DLL。而且我想按照其文档中的说明静态链接google protobuf。 我该如何实现？

But the answer is commonly, change your lib to match the build type of the other library. The issue is, I don't want to do that, I want a DLL. And i want to link google protobuf statically, as described in their documentation. How can i achieve this?

推荐答案

@MSalters指出，答案为此处代码生成的配置并不表示所构建的lib的类型，而是 c ++的类型使用的std lib 。为了在命令行构建中对此进行修改，要求您使用 -Dprotobuf_MSVC_STATIC_RUNTIME 开关（有关此参数的建议，信用来自@Ation答案此处）。为了将构建设置为使用多线程DLL（/ MD）） 专用于google protobuf ，从CMAKE生成makefile时，您必须执行以下操作：调试：

As pointed out by @MSalters, in the answer here the configuration of code generation does not indicate the type of lib that is built, but the type of c++ std lib that is used. In order to modify this on the command line build, it is required that you use the -Dprotobuf_MSVC_STATIC_RUNTIME switch (Credit for advice about this parameter comes from @Ation answer here). In order to set up the build to use Multi-threaded DLL (/MD)) specifically for google protobuf, when generating the makefiles from CMAKE you must do the following, for debug:

cmake -G "NMake Makefiles" ^
-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug  -Dprotobuf_MSVC_STATIC_RUNTIME=OFF ^
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=../../../install/debug ^
../..

或发布：

cmake -G "NMake Makefiles" ^
-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -Dprotobuf_MSVC_STATIC_RUNTIME=OFF ^
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=../../../install/release ^
../..

以下 nmake 命令生成的代码将具有多线程DLL（/ MD）类型的代码生成）。

The code generated by the following nmake command will have code generation of type Multi-threaded DLL (/MD)).

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