无法为Spring Boot Controller创建JUnit测试 [英] Unable to create JUnit Test for Spring Boot Controller

问题描述

我正在尝试为SpringBoot应用程序中的简单Controller编写测试.但是，由于为我的TopicRepository和TopicController创建了bean，我收到了错误消息.我已经参考了一个教程，并且对Spring Boot开发并不陌生，所以不确定它是如何工作的.如何使测试正常进行?

I am trying to write a test for a simple Controller in SpringBoot application. However, I am receiving errors due to bean creations for my TopicRepository and TopicController. I had referenced a tutorial and am little new to Spring boot development so not sure exactly how it works. How can I make the test work?

ControllerTest

ControllerTest

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@WebMvcTest(TopicController.class)
public class TopicControllerTest {

     @Autowired
        private MockMvc mvc;

        @MockBean
        private TopicService topicService;

        @Test
        public void whenGetTopics_returnJSONArray()
          throws Exception {


            Topic topic = new Topic("b","b name", "b descp");

            List<Topic> allTopics = new ArrayList<>();
            allTopics.add(topic);

            Mockito.when(topicService.getAllTopics()).thenReturn(allTopics);

            mvc.perform(get("/topics")
              .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
              .andExpect(status().isOk())
              .andExpect(jsonPath("$[0].id", is(topic.getId())));

        }       
}

控制器

@RestController
public class TopicController {

    @Autowired
    private TopicService topicService; //inject the topicService as a dependency

    @Autowired
    private TopicRepository topicRepository;


    @RequestMapping("/topics")
    public List<Topic> getAllTopics() {
        return topicService.getAllTopics();

    }


    @RequestMapping("/topics/{name}")
    public Topic getTopic(@PathVariable String name) {
        return topicService.getTopic(name);
    }


    @RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.POST, value= "/topics")
    public void addTopic(@RequestBody Topic topic) {
        topicService.addTopic(topic);
    }


    @RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.PUT, value = "/topics/{Id}")
    public void updateTopic(@RequestBody Topic topic, @PathVariable String Id){
        topicService.updateTopic(topic, Id);
    }

}

TopicRepository

TopicRepository

public interface TopicRepository extends CrudRepository<Topic, String>{

}

我遇到的错误是

UnsatisfiedDependencyException:创建名称为'topicController'的bean时出错:通过字段'topicRepository'表示的不满足的依赖关系；嵌套的异常是org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException:没有类型为'io.nkamanoo.springbootstarter.repository.TopicRepository'的合格bean:期望至少有1个可以作为自动装配候选的bean.依赖注释:{@ org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required = true)}

UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'topicController': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'topicRepository'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'io.nkamanoo.springbootstarter.repository.TopicRepository' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}

推荐答案

Springboot自动扫描所有遵循基本软件包名称的软件包. 例如，如果您的新springboot项目的软件包中包含 main 类， com.example.project .

Springboot automatically scans all packages that follows the base package name. Example, if your fresh springboot project has the main class residing in a package com.example.project.

然后，所有

entities,repository,service,controller

类都需要分组在遵循相同软件包结构的软件包中，如果您将类分组在软件包中，那么 springboot 会自动扫描当使用 @Autowired 进行依赖注入时，程序包将执行自动依赖注入.

class all need be group in a package which follows the same package structure, if you group your classes in packages, so springboot automatically scans the packages perform automatic dependency injection when, @Autowired is used to perform dependency injection.

因此，您应该将其他软件包名称分组如下:

So therefore, you other package names should be grouped as follows:

• com.example.project.entities
• com.example.project.repositories
• com.example.project.services
• com.example.project.controller

这解决了 {@ org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required = true)}

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