无法在Spring Boot中使用JUnit 5模拟RestTemplate [英] Unable to mock RestTemplate using JUnit 5 in Spring Boot

问题描述

尝试模拟restTemplate postForEntity()，但它返回的是null而不是我在thenReturn()内部传递的ResponseEntity对象.

Trying to mock restTemplate postForEntity() but it is returning null instead of ResponseEntity object I am passing inside thenReturn().

服务Impl类

public ResponseEntity<Object> getTransactionDataListByAccount(Transaction transaction) {
    ResponseEntity<Object> transactionHistoryResponse = restTemplate.postForEntity(processLayerUrl, transaction, Object.class);        
    return new ResponseEntity<>(transactionHistoryResponse.getBody(), HttpStatus.OK);
}

内部测试课程

@SpringBootTest
@ActiveProfiles(profiles = "test")
public class TransactionServiceImplTest {

    @MockBean
    private RestTemplate mockRestTemplate;

    @Autowired
    private TransactionServiceImpl transactionService;

    @Test 
    public void getTransactionDataListByAccountTest() throws Exception{
    
    Transaction transaction = new Transaction();
    transaction.setPosAccountNumber("40010020070401");
            
    ArrayList<Object> mockResponseObj = new ArrayList<Object>(); //filled with data

    ResponseEntity<Object> responseEntity = new ResponseEntity<Object>(mockResponseObj, HttpStatus.OK);
    
    when(mockRestTemplate.postForEntity(
            ArgumentMatchers.anyString(), 
            ArgumentMatchers.eq(Transaction.class), 
            ArgumentMatchers.eq(Object.class))).thenReturn(responseEntity);
    

    // THROWING NullPointerException at this line.
    ResponseEntity<Object> actualResponse = transactionService.getTransactionDataListByAccount(transaction);

    
    System.out.println("--- Response ---");
    System.out.println(actualResponse);
}

错误

在执行测试用例时，正在调用实际服务.当它尝试在服务impl类中调用resttemplate时，将返回null.

While executing test case, actual service is getting called. When it tries to invoke resttemplate inside service impl class it is returning null.

尝试在transactionHistoryResponse上调用getBody()并引发NullPointerException

Trying to call getBody() on transactionHistoryResponse throwing NullPointerException

推荐答案

在模拟设置中，匹配器ArgumentMatchers.eq(Transaction.class)仅在您传入的参数为Class<Transaction>对象Transaction.class时才匹配.这不是您想要的；您希望它与任何类型 Transaction匹配.为此，请使用ArgumentMatchers.any(Transaction.class).

In your mock setup, the matcher ArgumentMatchers.eq(Transaction.class) will only match if the argument you pass in is the Class<Transaction> object Transaction.class. This is not what you want; you want it to match anything of type Transaction. To do this, use ArgumentMatchers.any(Transaction.class).

此答案有很好的解释.

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