如何将50行50列的二维数组编码为一个函数，该函数将一个星号随机分配给一个元素? [英] How can I code a two-dimensional array of 50 rows and 50 columns into a function which randomly assigns an asterisk to an element?

问题描述

我有一个CS课，我正在学习C ++.对于此分配，我必须编写一个可以传递给函数的二维字符数组.该数组必须包含50行和50列.所有元素都必须初始化为空格('').

I have an assignment for a CS class where I'm learning C++. For this assignment, I have to write a two dimensional character array which can be passed to a function. The array has to consist of 50 rows and 50 columns. All elements must be initialized to a space (' ').

我在这里创建了数组，我还编写了一个for循环以将数组放置在网格中.现在，我必须将星号随机分配给数组的元素，这些元素仍然留为空白，我不知道该怎么做.

I have creating the array here I have also written a for loop to place the array in a grid. Now, I have to assign asterisks randomly to elements of the array, which are still left blank, and I cannot figure out how to do so.

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <ctime>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <stdlib.h>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    const int rows = 50; // Variables
    const int col = 50;
    const char SIZE = ' ';
    const int hgt = 48;
    int X = rand() % 50; // *Edited: This code was copied from an older save
    int y = rand() % 50;

    char board[rows][col]; // Array initialization
    int i;
    int j;
    int x;

    srand((unsigned)time(0));  
    for (i = 0; i < rows; i++) // For loop to place array in grid.
    {
        for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
        {
            board[i][j] = SIZE;
        }
            board[x][y] = '*'
   }

    cout << setfill('-') << setw(50) << "" << endl; // Grid
    for (X = 0; X < hgt; X++)
    {
        cout << "|" << setfill(' ') << setw(49) << "|" << endl;
    }
    cout << setfill('-') << setw(50) << "" << endl;

        cin.ignore();
    cout << "Press Enter to continue..." << endl;
    cin.ignore();
    return 0;
}

数组起作用，网格起作用.我只是不知道如何分配随机放置在网格中的星号，以及如何将该数组传递给函数.

The array works, the grid works. I just cannot figure out how to assign asterisks randomly placed in the grid and how to pass that array into a function.

推荐答案

这可能是对c ++代码样式的理解.避免使用c样式数组，并使用 std :: array .不要使用 std :: rand ，而是使用< random> .使用stl容器和算法.使用基于范围的for循环，而不是经典的for循环.尽可能使用 const .

This is may understanding of a c++ code style. Avoid c style arrays and use std::array. Don't use std::rand but use <random>. Use the stl containers and algorithms. Use range based for loops instead of classic for loops. Use const whenever you can.

#include <algorithm>
#include <array>
#include <iostream>
#include <random>

using Board = std::array<std::array<char, 50>, 50>;

void randomFill(Board &board, std::size_t count) {
    std::random_device rd;
    std::mt19937 gen(rd());
    std::uniform_int_distribution<> disX(0, board.size());
    std::uniform_int_distribution<> disY(0, board[0].size());
    while (count > 0) {
        const std::size_t x = disX(gen);
        const std::size_t y = disY(gen);
        if (board[y][x] == '*') continue;
        board[y][x] = '*';
        --count;
    }
}

int main() {
    Board board;
    for (auto &row : board) {
        std::fill(std::begin(row), std::end(row), ' ');
    }

    randomFill(board, 50);

    for (const auto &row : board) {
        for (const auto &field : row) {
            std::cout << field << ' ';
        }
        std::cout << '\n';
    }
    return 0;
}

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