重构“哑巴"通过容器的迭代器，以通用STL样式起作用 [英] Refactoring a "dumb" function into generic STL-style with iterators to containers

问题描述

我已经设法将C ++的某些功能(for_each，映射函数，使用迭代器...)包住了脑袋，但是用于通用容器和迭代器的模板和函数参数列表的构造仍然使我难以理解.我有一个实际的例子，希望有人能为我举例说明:

I've managed to wrap my head around some of C++'s functional capacities (for_each, mapping functions, using iterators...) but the construction of the templates and function argument lists for taking in generic containers and iterators still eludes me. I have a practical example I'm hoping someone can illustrate for me:

采用以下函数处理传入的std :: vector并构建一个进程的许多数据点/迭代的运行总计:

Take the following function that processes an incoming std::vector and builds a running total of many data-points/iterations of a process:

/* the for-loop method - not very savvy */
void UpdateRunningTotal (int_vec& total, int_vec& data_point) {
  for (int i = 0; i < V_SIZE; i++) {
    total[i] += data_point[i];
  }
}

typedef int_vec std::vector<int>;
int_vec running_total (V_SIZE, 0);  // create a container to hold all the "data points" over many iterations
/* further initialization, and some elaborate loop to create data points */

UpdateRunningTotal (running_total, iteration_data);
/* further processing */

以上方法有效，但我宁愿有一个使用迭代器并执行此求和的函数.更好的是，拥有一个推断出类型的通用参数列表，而不是指定容器类型，即:

The above works, but I'd much rather have a function that takes iterators and performs this summation. Even better, have a generic parameter list with the type deduced instead of specifying the container type, i.e.:

UpdateRunningTotal (iteration_data.begin(), iteration_data.end(), running_total.begin());

我现在真的迷失了方向，需要一些指导来找到如何定义模板和参数列表以使函数通用.模板和函数定义是什么样的?我已经熟悉使用STL功能执行此特定任务的方法-我正在寻找通用功能/模板定义的说明.

I'm really lost at this point and need a little guidance to find how to define the template and argument lists to make the function generic. What would the template and function definition look like? I'm already familiar with a way to perform this specific task using STL functionality - I'm looking for illustration of the generic function/template definition.

推荐答案

您可以使用>> std :: transform 和> std ::加 :

You could use std::transform and std::plus:

std::transform(iteration_data.begin(), iteration_data.end(),
                running_total.begin(), iteration_data.begin(), std::plus<int>());

在您的函数中，将是:

template <typename Iter1, typename Iter2>
void UpdateRunningTotal(Iter1 pBegin, Iter1 pEnd, Iter2 pBegin2)
{
    typedef typename std::iterator_traits<Iter1>::value_type value_type;

    std::transform(pBegin, pEnd, pBegin2, pBegin, std::plus<value_type>());
}

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