如何为 tclodbc 定义驱动程序? [英] How to define a driver for tclodbc?

问题描述

我想使用 Linux 环境中的 tclodbc 连接到 MS SQL 服务器.我有驱动程序(freeTDS)和连接字符串.但是我不知道如何配置tclodbs使用的驱动程序.有一个命令

I want to use tclodbc from Linux environment to connect to a MS SQL server. I have the driver (freeTDS) and the connection string. But I don't know how to configure the driver to be used by tclodbs. There is a command

数据库配置 操作驱动属性

但我不知道应该把什么作为operation和attributes，以及这是否是正确的命令.

But I don't know what to put as operation and attributes, and whether this is the right command.

与我的问题相关:从运行在 GNU/Linux 上的 Tcl 访问 Microsoft SQL Server

推荐答案

好的，这是我基于 这些 指南关于如何使用 FreeTDS 建立无 DSN 的连接司机.

OK, here's my take based on these guides about how to make a DSN-less connection using the FreeTDS driver.

我测试了一个 Debian Lenny 系统，它具有 tclodbc 2.5-5、unixodbc 2.2.11 和 libdbd-freetds 0.8.2-1-4.1 和 tcl 8.4.16-2 针对 Microsoft SQL Server 2005 的实例安装.

I've tested it a Debian Lenny system having tclodbc 2.5-5, unixodbc 2.2.11 and libdbd-freetds 0.8.2-1-4.1 and tcl 8.4.16-2 installed against an instance of Microsoft SQL Server 2005.

package require tclodbc

proc cs_append {varName args} {
    set alen [llength $args]
    if {$alen < 2 || $alen % 2 != 0} {
        return -code error "Wrong # args: should be varName key value ?key value?"
    }

    upvar 1 $varName qs

    foreach {key value} $args {
        if {$qs ne ""} {
            append qs \;
        }
        append qs $key = \{ [string map {\{ \\\{} $value] \}
    }
}

set user test
set pass secret

set cs ""
cs_append cs DRIVER FreeTDS UID $user PWD $pass \
    Server myserver.domain.local \
    ClientCharset UTF-8 \
    APP "My test app"

database connect db $cs
foreach row [db {select * from MyDatabase..MyTable}] {
    puts $row
}
db disconnect

一些注意事项:

• 通过在 /etc/odbcinst.ini 文件中注册 FreeTDS 驱动程序，ODBC 子系统必须知道它.我想至少在我的系统上，适当的软件包会自己处理这个问题，但您最好验证是否在该文件中注册了 FreeTDS，否则连接字符串中的 DRIVER=FreeTDS 位将不会'因为 ODBC 不知道如何加载指定的驱动程序库.

• ClientCharset 和 APP 连接字符串参数在我的情况下不起作用.虽然我可以忍受第二个，但第一个很费时间，因为在这种情况下，字符数据以某种拙劣的编码返回.

• The FreeTDS driver must be known to the ODBC subsystem by means of it being registeded in the /etc/odbcinst.ini file. I suppose that at least on my system appropriate packages take care of this by themselves but you'd better verify if you have FreeTDS registered in that file, otherwise that DRIVER=FreeTDS bit in the connection string won't work as ODBC will have no idea how to load the named driver library.

• The ClientCharset and APP connection string parameters do not work in my case. While I can live with the second, the first one sucks big time because in this case the character data is returned in some botched encoding.

但是当我使用 /etc/freetds/freetds.conf 文件中的命名服务器使用 ServerName=THAT_SERVER 而不是 Server=SERVER_HOST 在连接字符串中.不幸的是，这种使用无 DSN 设置的目的达不到一半.

But there's no such problem when I use named server from the /etc/freetds/freetds.conf file using the ServerName=THAT_SERVER instead of Server=SERVER_HOST in the connection string. Unfortunately, this kind of defeats half of the purpose of using DSN-less setup.

这很可能是我的 FreeTDS 驱动程序版本中的一个错误，而且我这里的系统非常过时，所以 YMMV 和您最好检查一下您的系统.

Quite possibly it's a bug in my version of the FreeTDS driver, and I have a really outdated system here, so YMMV and you better check yourself on your system.

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