创建图表的技巧 [英] tips for creating Graph diagrams

问题描述

我想以编程方式创建这样的图表
_{(来源:
(来源: 找到此代码的清理版本}

编辑#2:正如下面的评论中所讨论的，我的 edges 必须匹配的模式是带有可选标签的 edge 规则 列表.这比 GraphPlot 函数(以及上述 gist)，其中 边缘规则 也允许包含在 Tooltip 中.

为了找到 GraphPlot 使用的确切模式，我反复使用了 Unprotect[fn];ClearAttributes[fn,ReadProtected];Information[fn] 其中 fn 是感兴趣的对象，直到我发现它使用了以下(清理过的)函数:

Network`GraphPlot`RuleListGraphQ[x_] :=ListQ[x] &&长度[x] >0 &&And@@Map[Head[#1] === 规则||(ListQ[#1] && Length[#1] == 2 && Head[#1[[1]]] === 规则)||(头部[#1] === 工具提示&& 长度[#1] == 2 && 头部[#1[[1]]] === 规则)&,x, {1}]

我认为我的 edges:{((_ -> _) | (List|Tooltip)[_ -> _, _])..} 模式是等效的，更简洁...

I'd like to programmatically create diagrams like this
_{(source: yaroslavvb.com)}

I imagine I should use GraphPlot with VertexCoordinateRules, VertexRenderingFunction and EdgeRenderingFunction for the graphs. What should I use for colored beveled backgrounds?

Edit Using mainly Simon's ideas, here's a simplified "less robust" version I ended up using

Needs["GraphUtilities`"];
GraphPlotHighlight[edges_, verts_, color_] := Module[{},
  vpos = Position[VertexList[edges], Alternatives @@ verts];
  coords = Extract[GraphCoordinates[edges], vpos];
  (* add .002 because end-cap disappears when segments are almost colinear *)  
  AppendTo[coords, First[coords] + .002];
  Show[Graphics[{color, CapForm["Round"], JoinForm["Round"], 
     Thickness[.2], Line[coords], Polygon[coords]}],
   GraphPlot[edges], ImageSize -> 150]
  ]

SetOptions[GraphPlot, 
  VertexRenderingFunction -> ({White, EdgeForm[Black], Disk[#, .15], 
      Black, Text[#2, #1]} &), 
  EdgeRenderingFunction -> ({Black, Line[#]} &)];
edges = GraphData[{"Grid", {3, 3}}, "EdgeRules"];
colors = {LightBlue, LightGreen, LightRed, LightMagenta};
vsets = {{8, 5, 2}, {7, 5, 8}, {9, 6, 3}, {8, 1, 2}};
MapThread[GraphPlotHighlight[edges, #1, #2] &, {vsets, colors}]

_{(source: yaroslavvb.com)}

解决方案

Generalising Samsdram's answer a bit, I get

GraphPlotHighlight[edges:{((_->_)|{_->_,_})..},hl:{___}:{},opts:OptionsPattern[]]:=Module[{verts,coords,g,sub},
  verts=Flatten[edges/.Rule->List]//.{a___,b_,c___,b_,d___}:>{a,b,c,d};
  g=GraphPlot[edges,FilterRules[{opts}, Options[GraphPlot]]];
  coords=VertexCoordinateRules/.Cases[g,HoldPattern[VertexCoordinateRules->_],2];
  sub=Flatten[Position[verts,_?(MemberQ[hl,#]&)]];
  coords=coords[[sub]];     
  Show[Graphics[{OptionValue[HighlightColor],CapForm["Round"],JoinForm["Round"],Thickness[OptionValue[HighlightThickness]],Line[AppendTo[coords,First[coords]]],Polygon[coords]}],g]
]
Protect[HighlightColor,HighlightThickness];
Options[GraphPlotHighlight]=Join[Options[GraphPlot],{HighlightColor->LightBlue,HighlightThickness->.15}];

Some of the code above could be made a little more robust, but it works:

GraphPlotHighlight[{b->c,a->b,c->a,e->c},{b,c,e},VertexLabeling->True,HighlightColor->LightRed,HighlightThickness->.1,VertexRenderingFunction -> ({White, EdgeForm[Black], Disk[#, .06], 
Black, Text[#2, #1]} &)]

---

EDIT #1: A cleaned up version of this code can be found at http://gist.github.com/663438

EDIT #2: As discussed in the comments below, the pattern that my edges must match is a list of edge rules with optional labels. This is slightly less general than what is used by the GraphPlot function (and by the version in the above gist) where the edge rules are also allowed to be wrapped in a Tooltip.

To find the exact pattern used by GraphPlot I repeatedly used Unprotect[fn];ClearAttributes[fn,ReadProtected];Information[fn] where fn is the object of interest until I found that it used the following (cleaned up) function:

Network`GraphPlot`RuleListGraphQ[x_] := 
  ListQ[x] && Length[x] > 0 && 
    And@@Map[Head[#1] === Rule 
         || (ListQ[#1] && Length[#1] == 2 && Head[#1[[1]]] === Rule) 
         || (Head[#1] === Tooltip && Length[#1] == 2 && Head[#1[[1]]] === Rule)&, 
      x, {1}]

I think that my edges:{((_ -> _) | (List|Tooltip)[_ -> _, _])..} pattern is equivalent and more concise...

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