jq:递归合并对象并连接数组 [英] jq: recursively merge objects and concatenate arrays

问题描述

我有两个 json 文件，orig.json 和 patch.json，它们具有相似的格式.

I have two json files, orig.json and patch.json, which have similar formats.

orig.json:

{
        "a": {
                "a1": "original a1",
                "a2": "original a2",
                "list": ["baz", "bar"]
        },
        "b": "original value B"
}

patch.json:

patch.json:

{
    "a": {
            "a1": "patch a1",
            "list": ["foo"]
    },
    "c": "original c"
}

目前我正在使用 jq 递归合并它们.但是，jq 对列表的默认行为只是重新分配.使用 $ jq -s '.[0] 从 jq 输出的示例* .[1]' orig.json patch.json:

Currently I am using jq to merge them recursively. However, jq's default behavior for lists is just reassignment. Example output from jq using $ jq -s '.[0] * .[1]' orig.json patch.json:

{
  "a": {
    "a1": "patch a1",
    "a2": "original a2",
    "list": [
      "foo"
    ]
  },
  "b": "original value B",
  "c": "original c"
}

注意 a.list 现在等于 patch.json 的 a.list.我希望新的 a.list 成为 orig.json 的列表和 patch.json 的列表合并.换句话说，我希望 a.list 等于 ["baz", "bar", "foo"].

Note that a.list is now equal to patch.json's a.list. I want The new a.list to be orig.json's list and patch.json's lists merged. In other words, I want a.list to equal ["baz", "bar", "foo"].

有没有一种方法可以用 jq 轻松地做到这一点，也许是通过覆盖数组的默认合并策略?

Is there a way I can easily do this with jq, perhaps by overriding the default merge strategy for arrays?

推荐答案

这里是一个通用函数，它通过在同一位置连接数组来递归地组合两个复合 JSON 实体:

Here is a generic function that recursively combines two composite JSON entities by concatenating arrays at the same position:

# Recursively meld a and b,
# concatenating arrays and
# favoring b when there is a conflict 
def meld(a; b):
  a as $a | b as $b
  | if ($a|type) == "object" and ($b|type) == "object"
    then reduce ([$a,$b]|add|keys_unsorted[]) as $k ({}; 
      .[$k] = meld( $a[$k]; $b[$k]) )
    elif ($a|type) == "array" and ($b|type) == "array"
    then $a+$b
    elif $b == null then $a
    else $b
    end;

融合输出($orig; $patch)

将 $orig 设置为 orig.json 的内容和$patch 设置为 patch.json 的内容:

Output of meld($orig; $patch)

With $orig set to the contents of orig.json and $patch set to the contents of patch.json:

{
  "a": {
    "a1": "patch a1",
    "a2": "original a2",
    "list": [
      "baz",
      "bar",
      "foo"
    ]
  },
  "b": "original value B",
  "c": "original c"
}

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