我如何告诉 Python sys.argv 是 Unicode? [英] How do I tell Python that sys.argv is in Unicode?

问题描述

这是一个小程序:

import sys

f = sys.argv[1]
print type(f)
print u"f=%s" % (f)

这是我运行的程序:

$ python x.py 'Recent/רשימת משתתפים.LNK'
<type 'str'>
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "x.py", line 5, in <module>
    print u"f=%s" % (f)
UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xd7 in position 7: ordinal not in range(128)
$ 

问题是 sys.argv[1] 认为它正在获取一个 ascii 字符串，它无法转换为 Unicode.但是我使用的是带有完整 Unicode 终端的 Mac，所以 x.py 实际上是获取一个 Unicode 字符串.我如何告诉 Python sys.argv[] 是 Unicode 而不是 Ascii?如果做不到这一点，我该如何将 ASCII(其中包含 unicode)转换为 Unicode?明显的转换不起作用.

The problem is that sys.argv[1] is thinking that it's getting an ascii string, which it can't convert to Unicode. But I'm using a Mac with a full Unicode-aware Terminal, so x.py is actually getting a Unicode string. How do I tell Python that sys.argv[] is Unicode and not Ascii? Failing that, how do I convert ASCII (that has unicode inside it) into Unicode? The obvious conversions don't work.

推荐答案

您看到的 UnicodeDecodeError 错误是由于您混合了 Unicode 字符串 u"f=%s" 和 sys.argv[1] 字节串:

The UnicodeDecodeError error you see is due to you're mixing the Unicode string u"f=%s" and the sys.argv[1] bytestring:

• 两个字节串:

• both bytestrings:

$ python -c'import sys; print "f=%s" % (sys.argv[1],)' 'Recent/רשימת משתתפים'

这会从/向您的终端透明地传递字节.它适用于任何编码.

This passes bytes transparently from/to your terminal. It works for any encoding.

都是 Unicode:

both Unicode:

$ python -c'import sys; print u"f=%s" % (sys.argv[1].decode("utf-8"),)' 'Rec..

在这里，您应该将 'utf-8' 替换为您的终端使用的编码.如果终端不支持 Unicode，您可以在此处使用 sys.getfilesystemencoding().

Here you should replace 'utf-8' by the encoding your terminal uses. You might use sys.getfilesystemencoding() here if the terminal is not Unicode-aware.

两个命令产生相同的输出:

Both commands produce the same output:

f=Recent/רשימת משתתפים

通常，您应该尽快将您认为是文本的字节串转换为 Unicode.

In general you should convert bytestrings that you consider to be text to Unicode as soon as possible.

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