使用 PyInstaller 2.1 和 MEIPASS 错误捆绑数据文件 --onefile [英] Bundling Data files with PyInstaller 2.1 and MEIPASS error --onefile

问题描述

这个问题之前有人问过，我可以似乎没有让我的 PyInstaller 正常工作.我在 mainscript.py 文件中调用了以下代码:

This question has been asked before and I can't seem to get my PyInstaller to work correctly. I have invoked the following code in my mainscript.py file:

def resource_path(relative_path):
    """ Get absolute path to resource, works for dev and for PyInstaller """
    try:
        # PyInstaller creates a temp folder and stores path in _MEIPASS
        base_path = sys._MEIPASS
    except Exception:
        base_path = os.path.abspath(".")

    return os.path.join(base_path, relative_path)

当我运行 py 文件(在 IDLE 内)时，我的应用程序运行完美并加载了所有数据文件.但是，当我将它与 PyInstaller 2.1(一种文件方法)捆绑在一起时，在 exe 构建后出现以下错误:

When I run the py file (within IDLE), my app runs perfectly and loads all of the data files. However, when I bundle it with PyInstaller 2.1 (one file method) I get the following error after the exe builds:

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<string>", line 37, in <module>
WindowsError: [Error 3] The system cannot find the path   
specified: 'C:\Users\Me\AppData\Local\Temp\_MEI188722\eggs/*.*'

有谁知道我哪里出错了?谢谢！

Does anyone have any idea where I went wrong? Thanks!

** 编辑 **

这正是我想要做的.

我的主脚本有一个如下所示的设置(导入).基本上我希望能够在其中包含 Matplotlib、底图和资源路径:

My main script has a setup (imports) that look like below. Essentially I want to be able to have Matplotlib, Basemap, and resource path all in it:

import os,sys
import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('WX')
import wx
from matplotlib.backends.backend_wx import FigureCanvasWx as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.backends.backend_wx import NavigationToolbar2Wx
from mpl_toolkits.basemap import Basemap
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import Calculate_Distance # A personal py file of mine

def resource_path(relative_path):
    """ Get absolute path to resource, works for dev and for PyInstaller """
    try:
        # PyInstaller creates a temp folder and stores path in _MEIPASS
        base_path = sys._MEIPASS
    except Exception:
        base_path = os.path.abspath(".")

    return os.path.join(base_path, relative_path)

bmap=wx.Bitmap(resource_path('test_image.png'))

print 'hello'

我使用的是 PyInstaller 2.1.我也在使用 Python 2.7.5(32 位).我的操作系统是 Windows 8(64 位).我的 Matplotlib 是 1.3.0，底图是 1.0.6.Wxpython 是 2.8.12.1 (Unicode).

I am using PyInstaller 2.1. I am also using Python 2.7.5 (32 bit). My OS is Windows 8 (64bit). My Matplotlib is 1.3.0 and Basemap is 1.0.6. Wxpython is 2.8.12.1 (Unicode).

我去命令并执行:<代码>>pyinstaller myscript.py.这会生成我稍微编辑的 .spec 文件.以下是我编辑过的规范文件:

I go to command and do: > pyinstaller myscript.py. This generates my .spec file which I slightly edit. Below is my edited spec file:

data_files = [('Calculate_Distance.py', 'C:\Users\Me\Documents\MyFolder\Calculate_Distance.py',
              'DATA'), ('test_image.png', 'C:\Users\Me\Documents\MyFolder\test_image.png',
              'DATA')]

includes = []
excludes = ['_gtkagg', '_tkagg', 'bsddb', 'curses', 'email', 'pywin.debugger',
            'pywin.debugger.dbgcon', 'pywin.dialogs', 'tcl',
            'Tkconstants', 'Tkinter']
packages = []
dll_excludes = []
dll_includes = []

a = Analysis(['myscript.py'],
             pathex=['C:\Users\Me\Documents\MyFolder','C:\Python27\Lib\site-packages\mpl_toolkits\basemap\*'],
             hiddenimports=[],
             hookspath=None,
             runtime_hooks=None)

pyz = PYZ(a.pure)
exe = EXE(pyz,
          a.scripts,
          a.binaries - dll_excludes + dll_includes + data_files,          
          name='MyApplication.exe',
          debug=False,
          strip=None,
          upx=True,
          console=True )
coll = COLLECT(exe,
               a.binaries,
               a.zipfiles,
               a.datas,
               strip=None,
               upx=True,
               name='MyApplication')  

我希望这是一个单文件可执行文件，因此数据文件应该打包在可执行文件中.在其他 pyinstaller 上，我通常没有遇到 MEIPASS 的问题.但是，由于 Matplotlib 和 Basemap，我需要使用 2.1.如果有人可以完美地构建这个 exe - 你能告诉我我需要调整什么吗?谢谢！

I want this to be a one-file executable so the data files should be packed within the executable. On other pyinstallers I usually haven't had issues with the MEIPASS. However, I need to use 2.1 because of Matplotlib and Basemap. If someone can build this exe perfectly -- can you please tell me what I need to adjust? Thanks!

****编辑****

如果有人能弄清楚如何用 py2exe 做到这一点——那也太棒了.我可以将它变成单个可执行文件的任何方式都是值得的！

If anyone can figure out how to do this with py2exe -- that would be great too. Any way that I can get this into a single executable would be worth it!

推荐答案

我想我看到了问题所在.您没有将 data_files 输入到您的 Analysis 对象中.下面是我如何在我的 .spec 文件中添加我的数据文件:

I think I see the problem. You're not feeding data_files into your Analysis object. Here's how I add my data files in my .spec file:

a = Analysis(....)
a.datas += [('7z.dll', '7z.dll', 'DATA')]
a.datas += [('7z.exe', '7z.exe', 'DATA')]
a.datas += [('collection.xml', 'collection.xml', 'DATA')]
a.datas += [('License.html', 'License.html', 'DATA')]

pyz = PYZ(a.pure)

exe = EXE(pyz,
          a.scripts + [('O', '', 'OPTION')],
          a.binaries,
          a.zipfiles,
          a.datas,
          name=os.path.join('dist', 'blah.exe'),
          debug=False,
          strip=None,
          upx=False,
          console=True,
          icon=r'..NCM.ico')

请注意，我根本没有使用 COLLECT().

Notice I'm not using COLLECT() at all.

如果您在以下位置查看 2.1 文档:PyInstaller Spec File Operation，您将请注意 COLLECT() 不用于 --onefile 模式.

If you checkout the 2.1 documentation at: PyInstaller Spec File Operation you'll notice that COLLECT() isn't used for --onefile mode.

如果您查看 sys._MEIPASS 指向的提取目录，您可能会注意到，在您的规范文件中，数据文件根本不存在.

If you look at the extracted directory pointed at by sys._MEIPASS you'll probably notice that with your spec file that the data file simply isn't there at all.

我希望这会有所帮助.

这篇关于使用 PyInstaller 2.1 和 MEIPASS 错误捆绑数据文件 --onefile的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！