使用PyInstaller 2.1和MEIPASS错误--onefile捆绑数据文件 [英] Bundling Data files with PyInstaller 2.1 and MEIPASS error --onefile

问题描述

此问题已被问到，我可以似乎让我的PyInstaller正常工作。我在mainscript.py文件中调用了以下代码：

  def resource_path（relative_path）：
获取绝对路径资源，适用于dev和PyInstaller
 try：
＃PyInstaller创建一个临时文件夹，并存储路径在_MEIPASS 
 base_path = sys._MEIPASS 
除外例外：
 base_path = os.path.abspath（。）
 
返回os.path.join（base_path，relative_path）
  pre> 
 
 
当我运行py文件（在IDLE内）时，我的应用程序运行正常并加载所有的数据文件。但是，当我使用PyInstaller 2.1（一个文件方法）捆绑它时，在exe构建之后我收到以下错误：
 追溯（最近的电话最后）：
文件< string>，第37行，< module> 
 WindowsError：[错误3]系统找不到路径
指定：'C：\\Users\\Me\\AppData\\Local\\Temp \\_MEI188722\\eggs /*.*'
  
有没有人有什么想法我错了？谢谢！
 
 
 
 **编辑** 
 
 
 
这是我要做的。 
 
 
 
我的主脚本有一个设置（导入），如下所示。本质上，我想要能够使用Matplotlib，Basemap和资源路径：
  import os，sys 
 import matplotlib 
 matplotlib.use（'WX'）
 import matslot.bb b从mpl_toolkits.basemap导入底图
从matplotlib.figure import图
 import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 
 import Calculate_Distance＃个人py文件我的
 
 def resource_path （relative_path）：
获取资源的绝对路径，适用于开发人员和PyInstaller
 try：
＃PyInstaller创建一个临时文件夹，并将路径存储在_MEIPASS 
 base_path = sys._MEIPASS 
除了异常：
 base_path = os.path.abspath（。）
 
返回os.path.join（base_path，relative_path）
 
 bmap = wx.Bitmap（resource_path（'test_image.png'））
 
打印'hello'
  
我正在使用PyInstaller 2.1。我也使用Python 2.7.5（32位）。我的操作系统是Windows 8（64位）。我的Matplotlib是1.3.0，底图是1.0.6。 Wxpython是2.8.12.1（Unicode）。 
 
 
 
我去命令行：> pyinstaller myscript.py 。这会生成我稍微编辑的.spec文件。以下是我编辑的规范文件：
  data_files = [（'Calculate_Distance.py'，'C：\\Users\\ \\\Me\\Documents\\MyFolder\\Calculate_Distance.py'，
'DATA'），（'test_image.png'，'C：\\Users\\\ ，
'DATA'）] 
 
 includes = [] 
 excludes = [' _gtkagg'，'_tkagg'，'bsddb'，'curses'，'email'，'pywin.debugger'，
'pywin.debugger.dbgcon'，'pywin.dialogs'，'tcl'，
'Tkconstants'，'Tkinter'] 
 packages = [] 
 dll_excludes = [] 
 dll_includes = [] 
 
a =分析（['myscript.py' ]，
 pathex = ['C：\\Users\\\MeMe\\\Documents\\MyFolder'，'C：\\Python27\\Lib\\\ \\site-packages\\mpl_toolkits\\basemap \\\ *']，
 hiddenimports = []，
 hookspath =无，
 runtime_hooks =无）
 
 pyz = PYZ（a.pure）
 exe = EXE（pyz，
 a.scripts，
 a.binaries  -  dll_excludes + dll_includes + data_files，
 name ='MyApplication.exe'，
 debug = False， 
 strip = None，
 upx = True，
 console = True 
 coll = COLLECT（exe，
 a.binaries，
 a.zipfiles， 
 a.datas，
 strip = None，
 upx = True，
 name ='MyApplication'）
  
我希望这是一个单一文件的可执行文件，所以数据文件应该在可执行文件中打包。对于其他pyinstaller，我通常没有遇到MEIPASS的问题。但是，由于Matplotlib和Basemap，我需要使用2.1。如果有人可以完美地构建这个exe，可以告诉我需要调整什么？谢谢！
 
 
 
 ****编辑**** 
 
 
 
如果有人能弄清楚如何做到这一点与py2exe  - 这将是伟大的。任何我可以将它变成一个可执行文件的方法都值得！
解决方案
我想我看到了这个问题。您没有将data_files提供给Analysis对象。 
这是我如何在.spec文件中添加我的数据文件：
  a = Analysis（....） 
 a.datas + = [（'7z.dll'，'7z.dll'，'DATA'）] 
 a.datas + = [（'7z.exe'，'7z.exe' ，'DATA'）] 
 a.datas + = [（'collection.xml'，'collection.xml'，'DATA'）] 
 a.datas + = [（'License.html' ，'License.html'，'DATA'）] 
 
 pyz = PYZ（a.pure）
 
 exe = EXE（pyz，
 a.scripts + [（'O'，''，'OPTION'）]，
 a.binaries，
 a.zip文件，
 a.datas，
 name = os.path.join （'dist'，'blah.exe'），
 debug = False，
 strip = None，
 upx = False，
 console = True，
 icon = r'.. \NCM.ico'）
  
注意我没有使用COLLECT（）全部。
 
 
 
如果您在以下位置签出2.1文档： PYIN你会注意到，COLLECT（）不用于--onefile模式。
 
 
 
如果你看到提取的目录指向通过sys._MEIPASS，您可能会注意到，使用您的spec文件，数据文件根本就不在那里。
 
 
 
希望这有助于。
 
This question has been asked before and I can't seem to get my PyInstaller to work correctly.  I have invoked the following code in my mainscript.py file:
def resource_path(relative_path):
    """ Get absolute path to resource, works for dev and for PyInstaller """
    try:
        # PyInstaller creates a temp folder and stores path in _MEIPASS
        base_path = sys._MEIPASS
    except Exception:
        base_path = os.path.abspath(".")

    return os.path.join(base_path, relative_path)
When I run the py file (within IDLE), my app runs perfectly and loads all of the data files.  However, when I bundle it with PyInstaller 2.1 (one file method) I get the following error after the exe builds:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<string>", line 37, in <module>
WindowsError: [Error 3] The system cannot find the path   
specified: 'C:\\Users\\Me\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\_MEI188722\\eggs/*.*'
Does anyone have any idea where I went wrong?  Thanks!

** EDIT **

Here is exactly what I want to do.  

My main script has a setup (imports) that look like below.  Essentially I want to be able to have Matplotlib, Basemap, and resource path all in it:
import os,sys
import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('WX')
import wx
from matplotlib.backends.backend_wx import FigureCanvasWx as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.backends.backend_wx import NavigationToolbar2Wx
from mpl_toolkits.basemap import Basemap
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import Calculate_Distance # A personal py file of mine

def resource_path(relative_path):
    """ Get absolute path to resource, works for dev and for PyInstaller """
    try:
        # PyInstaller creates a temp folder and stores path in _MEIPASS
        base_path = sys._MEIPASS
    except Exception:
        base_path = os.path.abspath(".")

    return os.path.join(base_path, relative_path)

bmap=wx.Bitmap(resource_path('test_image.png'))

print 'hello'
I am using PyInstaller 2.1.  I am also using Python 2.7.5 (32 bit).  My OS is Windows 8 (64bit).  My Matplotlib is 1.3.0 and Basemap is 1.0.6.  Wxpython is 2.8.12.1 (Unicode).      

I go to command and do: > pyinstaller myscript.py.  This generates my .spec file which I slightly edit.  Below is my edited spec file:
data_files = [('Calculate_Distance.py', 'C:\\Users\\Me\\Documents\\MyFolder\\Calculate_Distance.py',
              'DATA'), ('test_image.png', 'C:\\Users\\Me\\Documents\\MyFolder\\test_image.png',
              'DATA')]

includes = []
excludes = ['_gtkagg', '_tkagg', 'bsddb', 'curses', 'email', 'pywin.debugger',
            'pywin.debugger.dbgcon', 'pywin.dialogs', 'tcl',
            'Tkconstants', 'Tkinter']
packages = []
dll_excludes = []
dll_includes = []

a = Analysis(['myscript.py'],
             pathex=['C:\\Users\\Me\\Documents\\MyFolder','C:\\Python27\\Lib\\site-packages\\mpl_toolkits\\basemap\\*'],
             hiddenimports=[],
             hookspath=None,
             runtime_hooks=None)

pyz = PYZ(a.pure)
exe = EXE(pyz,
          a.scripts,
          a.binaries - dll_excludes + dll_includes + data_files,          
          name='MyApplication.exe',
          debug=False,
          strip=None,
          upx=True,
          console=True )
coll = COLLECT(exe,
               a.binaries,
               a.zipfiles,
               a.datas,
               strip=None,
               upx=True,
               name='MyApplication')  
I want this to be a one-file executable so the data files should be packed within the executable.  On other pyinstallers I usually haven't had issues with the MEIPASS.  However, I need to use 2.1 because of Matplotlib and Basemap.  If someone can build this exe perfectly -- can you please tell me what I need to adjust?  Thanks!

****EDIT****

If anyone can figure out how to do this with py2exe -- that would be great too.  Any way that I can get this into a single executable would be worth it!
解决方案
I think I see the problem. You're not feeding data_files into your Analysis object. 
Here's how I add my data files in my .spec file:
a = Analysis(....)
a.datas += [('7z.dll', '7z.dll', 'DATA')]
a.datas += [('7z.exe', '7z.exe', 'DATA')]
a.datas += [('collection.xml', 'collection.xml', 'DATA')]
a.datas += [('License.html', 'License.html', 'DATA')]

pyz = PYZ(a.pure)

exe = EXE(pyz,
          a.scripts + [('O', '', 'OPTION')],
          a.binaries,
          a.zipfiles,
          a.datas,
          name=os.path.join('dist', 'blah.exe'),
          debug=False,
          strip=None,
          upx=False,
          console=True,
          icon=r'..\NCM.ico')
Notice I'm not using COLLECT() at all.

If you checkout the 2.1 documentation at: PyInstaller Spec File Operation you'll notice that COLLECT() isn't used for --onefile mode.

If you look at the extracted directory pointed at by sys._MEIPASS you'll probably notice that with your spec file that the data file simply isn't there at all.

I hope this helps.

                        
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