Django 1.3 CreateView/ModelForm:unique_together 验证，其中一个字段从表单中排除 [英] Django 1.3 CreateView/ModelForm: unique_together validation with one field excluded from form

问题描述

我正在通过示例为这个常见问题寻找一个简单的答案.到目前为止，我找到的答案忽略了我们初学者的关键点.

I am looking for a simple answer by example to this common problem. The answers I found so far leave out critical points for us beginners.

我有一个应用程序，其中几乎每个模型都有一个到用户的外键，并且有一个 unique_together 约束，其中一个字段始终是用户".

I have an app where almost every model has a ForeignKey to User, and there is a unique_together constraint, where one of the fields is always 'user'.

例如:

class SubscriberList(models.Model):

user = models.ForeignKey(User)
name = models.CharField(max_length=70)
date_created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)

class Meta:
    unique_together = (
        ('user', 'name',),
        )   

def __unicode__(self):
    return self.name

订阅者列表总是由登录的用户创建，因此在创建订阅者列表的表单中，我排除了用户字段并在保存表单时为其赋予了 self.request.user 值，如下所示:

A SubscriberList is always created by a logged in User, and thus in the form to create a Subscriber List, I exclude the user field and give it a value of self.request.user when saving the form, like so:

class SubscriberListCreateView(AuthCreateView):
model = SubscriberList
template_name = "forms/app.html"
form_class = SubscriberListForm
success_url = "/app/lists/"

def form_valid(self, form):
    self.object = form.save(commit=False)
    self.object.user = self.request.user
    return super(SubscriberListCreateView, self).form_valid(form) 

这是随附的表格:

class SubscriberListForm(ModelForm):
class Meta:
    model = SubscriberList
    exclude = ('user')

使用此代码，有效数据就可以了.当我提交not unique_together 的数据时，我从数据库中收到一个完整性错误.原因我很清楚 - Django 不验证 unique_together 因为排除了用户"字段.

With this code, valid data is fine. When I submit data that is not unique_together, I get an Integrity Error from the database. The reason is clear to me - Django doesn't validate the unique_together because the 'user' field is excluded.

如何更改我现有的代码，仍然使用 CreateView，以便提交的不是 unique_together 的数据引发表单验证错误，而不是来自数据库的完整性错误.

How do I change my existing code, still using CreateView, so that submitted data that is not unique_together throws a form validation error, and not an Integrity Error from the db.

推荐答案

Yehonatan 的例子让我明白了，但我不得不从 form_valid 的 ValidationError 中调用消息，而不是一个单独的 form_invalid 函数.

Yehonatan's example got me there, but I had to call the messages from within the ValidationError of form_valid, rather than a separate form_invalid function.

这有效:

class SubscriberCreateView(AuthCreateView):
    model = Subscriber
    template_name = "forms/app.html"
    form_class = SubscriberForm
    success_url = "/app/subscribers/"

    def form_valid(self, form):
        self.object = form.save(commit=False)
        self.object.user = self.request.user

        try:
            self.object.full_clean()
        except ValidationError:
            #raise ValidationError("No can do, you have used this name before!")
            #return self.form_invalid(form)
            from django.forms.util import ErrorList
            form._errors["email"] = ErrorList([u"You already have an email with that name man."])
            return super(SubscriberCreateView, self).form_invalid(form)

        return super(SubscriberCreateView, self).form_valid(form) 

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