将 Django 模型迁移到 unique_together 约束 [英] Migrate Django model to unique_together constraint

问题描述

I have a model with three fields

class MyModel(models.Model):
    a    = models.ForeignKey(A)
    b    = models.ForeignKey(B)
    c    = models.ForeignKey(C)

I want to enforce a unique constraint between these fields, and found django's unique_together, which seems to be the solution. However, I already have an existing database, and there are many duplicates. I know that since unique_together works at the database level, I need to unique-ify the rows, and then try a migration.

Is there a good way to go about removing duplicates (where a duplicate has the same (A,B,C)) so that I can run migration to get the unique_together contstraint?

解决方案

If you are happy to choose one of the duplicates arbitrarily, I think the following might do the trick. Perhaps not the most efficient but simple enough and I guess you only need to run this once. Please verify this all works yourself on some test data in case I've done something silly, since you are about to delete a bunch of data.

First we find groups of objects which form duplicates. For each group, (arbitrarily) pick a "master" that we are going to keep. Our chosen method is to pick the one with lowest pk

from django.db.models import Min, Count

master_pks = MyModel.objects.values('A', 'B', 'C'
    ).annotate(Min('pk'), count=Count('pk')
    ).filter(count__gt=1
    ).values_list('pk__min', flat=True)

we then loop over each master, and delete all its duplicates

masters = MyModel.objects.in_bulk( list(master_pks) )

for master in masters.values():
    MyModel.objects.filter(a=master.a, b=master.b, c=master.c
        ).exclude(pk=master.pk).del_ACCIDENT_PREVENTION_ete()

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