使用 make 将 .o 文件移动到单独的目录 [英] Using make to move .o files to a separate directory

问题描述

我尝试了无数次尝试将我的 .o 文件移动到我的 obj 文件夹，但无论我做什么，它都无法正常工作.

I've tried numerous attempts to move my .o files to my obj folder, but no matter what I do, it simply just doesn't work.

从提供的 makefile 来看，将 .o 文件移动到指定文件夹的最佳方法是什么?

Judging from the makefile provided, what is the best method to move .o files to a specified folder?

BIN = bin/
OBJ = obj/
TARGET = opengl_03
DEPS = main.o  displayinit.o initializer.o algorithms.o matrix3f.o window.o vertex3.o
CC = g++
CFLAGS = -g 
LIBS = -lglut -lGLEW -lGL 
INCLUDEPATH = -L/usr/include/ -L/usr/lib/ -L/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/

$(TARGET) : $(DEPS)
    $(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $(BIN)$(TARGET) $(DEPS) $(LIBS) $(INCLUDEPATH) 

displayinit.o : displayinit.cpp displayinit.h
    $(CC) $(LIBS) $(INCLUDEPATH) -c displayinit.cpp && mv displayinit.o $(OBJ)displayinit.o
initializer.o : initializer.cpp initializer.h
    $(CC) $(LIBS) $(INCLUDEPATH) -c initializer.cpp $(OBJ)
algorithms.o : algorithms.cpp algorithms.h
    $(CC) -c algorithms.cpp $(OBJ)
matrix3f.o : matrix3f.cpp matrix3f.h
    $(CC) $(LIBS) $(INCLUDEPATH)  -c matrix3f.cpp $(OBJ)
vertex3.o : vertex3.cpp vertex3.h
    $(CC) $(LIBS) $(INCLUDEPATH)  -c vertex3.cpp $(OBJ)
window.o : window.cpp window.h
    $(CC) $(LIBS) $(INCLUDEPATH) -c window.cpp $(OBJ)
main.o : main.cpp
    $(CC) $(LIBS) $(INCLUDEPATH) -c main.cpp $(OBJ)

推荐答案

要指定创建对象的位置，请使用 -o

window.o : window.cpp window.h
    $(CC) $(LIBS) $(INCLUDEPATH) -c window.cpp -o $(OBJ)/$@

<小时>

您可以这样做:

---

Here is what you could do:

1. 指定目标文件所在的目录

1. specify the directory where you want the object files to go

OBJDIR    =   objdir

通过将 .cpp 替换为 .o，从所有 .cpp 文件的列表中创建需要编译的目标文件列表 并添加前缀 $(OBJDIR)/ 到它:

Create a list of object files that need to be compiled, from the list of all .cpp files by replacing .cpp with .o and add the prefix $(OBJDIR)/ to it:

OBJ = $(addprefix $(OBJDIR)/, $(patsubst %.cpp, %.o, $(wildcard *.cpp)))

所以你的 $(OBJ) 看起来像:objdir/window.o objdir/main.o 等等

So your $(OBJ) will look like: objdir/window.o objdir/main.o and so on

如果目录不存在，则添加一个目标以创建该目录:

Add a target to create the directory if it does not exist:

$(OBJDIR):
    mkdir $(OBJDIR)

在创建主要目标之前先创建目录目标:

Make the directory target before you make your main target:

all: $(OBJDIR) myapp

从当前目录中的 .cpp 文件编译 $(OBJDIR) 中所有 .o 目标文件的规则:

Rule to compile all the .o object files in $(OBJDIR) from .cpp files in the current directory:

$(OBJDIR)/%.o: %.cpp
    $(GCC) $(CPPFLAGS) -c $< -o $@

这将导致类似:

g++ -c main.cpp -o objdir/main.o

你的主要目标没有改变:

Your main target is unchanged:

$(TARGET): $(OBJ)
    $(GCC) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ $^ 

这看起来像:

g++  -o myapp objdir/window.o objdir/main.o 

为了完整性，将 clean 目标添加到清理对象中:

For completeness add clean target to cleanup objects:

clean:
    @rm -f $(TARGET) $(wildcard *.o)
    @rm -rf $(OBJDIR) 

并定义 .PHONY 目标，例如即使存在同名的目录或文件，也会进行这些操作:

And define .PHONY targets, e.g. these will be made even if directories or files with the same name exist:

.PHONY: all clean

所以它应该是这样的:

OBJDIR    =   objdir
OBJ       =   $(addprefix $(OBJDIR)/, $(patsubst %.cpp, %.o, $(wildcard *.cpp)))
TARGET    =   my app

.PHONY: all clean

all: $(OBJDIR) $(TARGET)

$(OBJDIR):
    mkdir $(OBJDIR)

$(OBJDIR)/%.o: %.cpp
    $(GCC) $(CPPFLAGS) -c $< -o $@

$(TARGET): $(OBJ)
    $(GCC) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ $^ 

clean:
    @rm -f $(TARGET) $(wildcard *.o)
    @rm -rf $(OBJDIR) 

如果你有像 main.cpp 和 a.cpp 这样的文件，这就是 make 会做的:

And if you have files such as main.cpp and a.cpp this is what make would do:

> ls
Makefile a.cpp    main.cpp

> make
mkdir objdir
g++ -I. -c a.cpp -o objdir/a.o
g++ -I. -c main.cpp -o objdir/main.o
g++ -o myapp objdir/a.o objdir/main.o 

> ls
Makefile a.cpp    main.cpp objdir   myapp

> make clean
> ls
Makefile a.cpp    main.cpp

如果您想阅读有关上述任何内容的更多详细信息，请查看 GNU 制作文档页面

And if you want to read more details about any of the above have a look at GNU make doc page

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