如何在初始化脚本中以特定用户身份运行命令? [英] How to run a command as a specific user in an init script?

问题描述

我正在编写一个初始化脚本，它应该以不同于 root 的用户身份执行单个命令.这就是我目前的做法:
sudo -u 用户名命令

I'm writing an init script which is supposed to execute a single command as a user different than root. This is how I'm doing it currently:
sudo -u username command

这通常在 Ubuntu/Debian 上按预期工作，但在 RHEL 上，作为 command 执行的脚本挂起.
是否有其他方法可以以其他用户身份运行命令?
(请注意，我不能使用 lsb init 函数，因为它们在 RHEL/Centos 5.x 上不可用.)

This generally works as expected on Ubuntu/Debian, but on RHEL the script which is executed as the command hangs.
Is there another way to run the command as another user?
(Note that I can't use lsb init functions as they're not available on RHEL/Centos 5.x.)

推荐答案

在 RHEL 系统上，/etc/rc.d/init.d/functions 脚本旨在提供类似于您的想.如果您在初始化脚本的顶部获取它，则它的所有功能都可用.

On RHEL systems, the /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions script is intended to provide similar to what you want. If you source that at the top of your init script, all of it's functions become available.

提供帮助的具体功能是daemon.如果你打算用它来启动一个类似守护进程的程序，一个简单的用法是:

The specific function provided to help with this is daemon. If you are intending to use it to start a daemon-like program, a simple usage would be:

daemon --user=username command

如果这对您的需要来说过于笨拙，则可以使用 runuser(请参阅 man runuser 了解完整信息；某些版本可能需要 -u 在用户名之前):

If that is too heavy-handed for what you need, there is runuser (see man runuser for full info; some versions may need -u prior to the username):

/sbin/runuser username -s /bin/bash -c "command(s) to run as user username"

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