交互式股票图表,带键盘箭头的分步动画,带Matplolib [英] Interactive Stock Chart, step by step animation with keyboard arrows, with Matplolib
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问题描述
我正在尝试使用matplotlib绘制交互式股票图表。它应该是这样工作的:
- 最初它在绘图中显示60个条形图(从数据框的第一个条形图到第60个条形图)
- 按键盘上的右箭头后,它显示第61条,第一条消失(因此,现在绘图显示数据帧的第二条到第61条)。如果我再次按向右箭头,曲线图将显示第三个到第62个,依此类推。这里的想法是,当我按向右箭头时,在绘图中显示固定数量的条形图。
- 按向左箭头后退一步(例如。如果图表在第2到第61位,按左箭头后将返回到第一位到第60位)
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
df = pd.read_csv('all_stocks_5yr.csv')
df_apple = df[df['Name'] == 'AAPL'].copy()
df_apple['date'] = pd.to_datetime(df_apple['date'])
df_apple.reset_index(inplace=True)
bars_to_display = 60
step = 0
#Chart Commands
x = np.arange(0,len(df_apple))
fig, (ax, ax2) = plt.subplots(2, figsize=(12,8), gridspec_kw={'height_ratios': [4, 1]}, sharex = True)
val_array = []
for idx, val in df_apple.iterrows():
val_array.append(val)
# ticks top plot
ax2.set_xticks(x[::3])
#ax2.set_xticklabels(df_apple.date.dt.date[::3])
ax.set_xticks(x, minor=True)
# labels
ax.set_ylabel('USD')
ax2.set_ylabel('Volume')
# grid
ax.xaxis.grid(color='black', linestyle='dashed', which='both', alpha=0.1)
ax2.set_axisbelow(True)
ax2.yaxis.grid(color='black', linestyle='dashed', which='both', alpha=0.1)
# remove spines
ax.spines['right'].set_visible(False)
ax.spines['left'].set_visible(False)
ax.spines['top'].set_visible(False)
ax2.spines['right'].set_visible(False)
ax2.spines['left'].set_visible(False)
# get max volume + 10%
mx = df_apple['volume'].max()*1.1
# define tick locations - 0 to max in 4 steps
yticks_ax2 = np.arange(0, mx+1, mx/4)
# create labels for ticks. Replace 1.000.000 by 'mi'
yticks_labels_ax2 = ['{:.2f} mi'.format(i/1000000) for i in yticks_ax2]
ax2.yaxis.tick_right() # Move ticks to the left side
# plot y ticks / skip first and last values (0 and max)
plt.yticks(yticks_ax2[1:-1], yticks_labels_ax2[1:-1])
plt.ylim(0,mx)
# title
ax.set_title('Apple Stock Price
', loc='left', fontsize=20)
#Plot the chart, displaying the bars from 0 to bars_to_display
for i in range(0,bars_to_display):
color = '#2CA453'
if val_array[i]['open'] > val_array[i]['close']: color= '#F04730'
ax.plot([x[i], x[i]], [val_array[i]['low'], val_array[i]['high']], color=color)
ax.plot([x[i], x[i]-0.1], [val_array[i]['open'], val_array[i]['open']], color=color)
ax.plot([x[i], x[i]+0.1], [val_array[i]['close'], val_array[i]['close']], color=color)
ax2.bar(x[i], val_array[i]['volume'] , color='lightgrey')
plt.ion()
def on_keyboard(event):
global step
if event.key == 'right':
step += 1
elif event.key == 'left':
step -= 1
if step <= 0: step=0
#Plot the chart, displaying the bars from 1: bars_to_display +1; then 2: bars_to_display +2, etc...
for i in range(step,bars_to_display+step):
color = '#2CA453'
if val_array[i]['open'] > val_array[i]['close']: color= '#F04730'
ax.plot([x[i], x[i]], [val_array[i]['low'], val_array[i]['high']], color=color)
ax.plot([x[i], x[i]-0.1], [val_array[i]['open'], val_array[i]['open']], color=color)
ax.plot([x[i], x[i]+0.1], [val_array[i]['close'], val_array[i]['close']], color=color)
ax2.bar(x[i], val_array[i]['volume'] , color='lightgrey')
plt.gcf().canvas.mpl_connect('key_press_event', on_keyboard)
plt.show()
OBS:我使用的数据帧格式如下:
index date open high low close volume Name
0 1259 2013-02-08 67.7142 68.4014 66.8928 67.8542 158168416 AAPL
1 1260 2013-02-11 68.0714 69.2771 67.6071 68.5614 129029425 AAPL
2 1261 2013-02-12 68.5014 68.9114 66.8205 66.8428 151829363 AAPL
3 1262 2013-02-13 66.7442 67.6628 66.1742 66.7156 118721995 AAPL
4 1263 2013-02-14 66.3599 67.3771 66.2885 66.6556 88809154 AAPL
推荐答案
做得好。
您只需添加两项内容即可使您的代码正常工作:
plt.draw()
on_keyboard
函数末尾:这是更新绘图所必需的ax.cla()
和ax2.cla()
ax2.cla()
on_keyboard
函数中的for循环之前:这是从以前的曲线图中清除轴所必需的
但是ax.cla()
删除网格,因此我建议您对代码进行一些编辑:
将所有绘图调用(循环和布局管理的绘图)移到
on_keyboard
函数中,这样用户按下<🠰>或<🠲>时,不仅会更新绘图,也会更新布局管理。这使您可以避免在on_keyboard
外部和内部对循环(和布局管理)进行重排移出
on_keybaord
for循环进行绘制,无用重复在布局管理中添加
ax.set_xlim
和ax2.set_xlim
以固定x轴限制在
plt.show()
之前添加对on_keyboard
的调用以绘制绘图上一个调用需要传递给
on_keyboard
一个event
参数:您只需传递0
并在If语句中的on_keyboard
内捕获它
如上所述,工作代码:
(我删除了plt.ion()
并为我工作,您可能需要恢复它)
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
df = pd.read_csv('all_stocks_5yr.csv')
df_apple = df[df['Name'] == 'AAPL'].copy()
df_apple['date'] = pd.to_datetime(df_apple['date'])
df_apple.reset_index(inplace = True)
bars_to_display = 60
step = 0
# Chart Commands
x = np.arange(0, len(df_apple))
fig, (ax, ax2) = plt.subplots(2, figsize = (12, 8), gridspec_kw = {'height_ratios': [4, 1]}, sharex = True)
val_array = []
for idx, val in df_apple.iterrows():
val_array.append(val)
def on_keyboard(event):
global step
if event != 0:
if event.key == 'right':
step += 1
elif event.key == 'left':
step -= 1
if step <= 0: step = 0
# Plot the chart, displaying the bars from 1: bars_to_display +1; then 2: bars_to_display +2, etc...
ax.cla()
ax2.cla()
for i in range(step, bars_to_display + step):
color = '#2CA453'
if val_array[i]['open'] > val_array[i]['close']: color = '#F04730'
ax.plot([x[i], x[i]], [val_array[i]['low'], val_array[i]['high']], color = color)
ax.plot([x[i], x[i] - 0.1], [val_array[i]['open'], val_array[i]['open']], color = color)
ax.plot([x[i], x[i] + 0.1], [val_array[i]['close'], val_array[i]['close']], color = color)
ax2.bar(x[i], val_array[i]['volume'], color = 'lightgrey')
# ticks top plot
ax2.set_xticks(x[::3])
# ax2.set_xticklabels(df_apple.date.dt.date[::3])
ax.set_xticks(x, minor = True)
# labels
ax.set_ylabel('USD')
ax2.set_ylabel('Volume')
# grid
ax.xaxis.grid(color = 'black', linestyle = 'dashed', which = 'both', alpha = 0.1)
ax2.set_axisbelow(True)
ax2.yaxis.grid(color = 'black', linestyle = 'dashed', which = 'both', alpha = 0.1)
# remove spines
ax.spines['right'].set_visible(False)
ax.spines['left'].set_visible(False)
ax.spines['top'].set_visible(False)
ax2.spines['right'].set_visible(False)
ax2.spines['left'].set_visible(False)
# get max volume + 10%
mx = df_apple['volume'].max()*1.1
# define tick locations - 0 to max in 4 steps
yticks_ax2 = np.arange(0, mx + 1, mx/4)
# create labels for ticks. Replace 1.000.000 by 'mi'
yticks_labels_ax2 = ['{:.2f} mi'.format(i/1000000) for i in yticks_ax2]
ax2.yaxis.tick_right() # Move ticks to the left side
# plot y ticks / skip first and last values (0 and max)
plt.yticks(yticks_ax2[1:-1], yticks_labels_ax2[1:-1])
plt.ylim(0, mx)
# title
ax.set_title('Apple Stock Price
', loc = 'left', fontsize = 20)
ax.set_xlim(x[step] - 1, x[bars_to_display + step] + 1)
ax2.set_xlim(x[step] - 1, x[bars_to_display + step] + 1)
plt.draw()
plt.gcf().canvas.mpl_connect('key_press_event', on_keyboard)
on_keyboard(0)
plt.show()
在🠲拍摄20次之后:
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