图中的热图，每组不同的颜色 [英] heatmap in ggplot, different color for each group

问题描述

我正在尝试在ggmap中生成热图。我希望每个组有不同的颜色渐变，但不知道如何做到这一点。我当前的代码如下所示：

## dummy data -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
data <- data.frame(
  group = sample(c("Direct Patient Care", "Indirect Patient Care", "Education", "Rounds", "Handoff", "Misce"), 30, replace = T),
  pct = rnorm(30, mean = 50, sd = 8)
)

## generate group id 
data <- data %>%
  group_by(group) %>%
  mutate(id = row_number())

data$grpid <- with(data, ifelse(group == "Direct Patient Care", 1, ifelse(group == "Indirect Patient Care", 2,
                                                                        ifelse(group == "Education", 3, 
                                                                               ifelse(group == "Rounds", 4,
                                                                                      ifelse(group == "Handoff", 5,6 ))))))

## draw graph ------------------------------------------------------------------------------                                                                                                                                                                           
library(ggplot2)

p <- ggplot(data, aes(x=id, y=group, fill = pct)) +
  theme(panel.background = element_rect(fill = "white", colour = "grey50"), aspect.ratio = 0.4) +
  theme(panel.grid.major = element_blank(),  
        panel.grid.minor = element_blank()
  )+
  # guides(fill = guide_legend("Time, %")) +
  geom_tile() +
  scale_x_continuous (name = " ", breaks = seq(1, 8, by = 1)) +
  scale_y_discrete(name = " ") +
  theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 0,hjust = 1,vjust = 1), plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5) ) +
  ggtitle("Heatmap of time spent doing activities across 194 shifts")


p + scale_fill_gradient2(low = "white", high = "red", limits = c(0, 80), breaks = c(0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70), guide = guide_legend("Time, %"))  ## change the color theme ##

结果图如下所示：

如何更改每个组的颜色主题，如红色代表"轮次"、蓝色代表"其他"、绿色代表"转接"等...

非常感谢！

推荐答案

您可以通过在您的数据中创建自己的重定标值，然后将alpha美学与fill美学相结合来实现这一点：

library(tidyverse)

data %>%
  group_by(group) %>%
  mutate(rescale = scales::rescale(pct)) %>%
  ggplot(., aes(x = factor(id), y = group)) +
  geom_tile(aes(alpha = rescale, fill = group), color = "white") +
  scale_alpha(range = c(0.1, 1))

首先，我们创建一个名为rescale的新列，rescalespct从0到1，然后强制scale_alpha(range = c(0, 1))[注意，在本例中我使用了c(0.1, 1)，这样您仍然可以"看到"零点。

最后，您可能需要删除辅助线：

data %>%
  group_by(group) %>%
  mutate(rescale = scales::rescale(pct)) %>%
  ggplot(., aes(x = factor(id), y = group)) +
  geom_tile(aes(alpha = rescale, fill = group), color = "white") +
  scale_alpha(range = c(0.1, 1)) +
  theme(legend.position = "none")

注：使用aes(x = factor(id)...可以手动设置x-axis，因为在这种情况下，您似乎希望将其视为系数而不是数字刻度。

最后，如果您真的想要变得花哨，可以将axis.text.y颜色双重编码为factor(即data$group)变量的级别：

data %>%
  group_by(group) %>%
  mutate(rescale = scales::rescale(pct)) %>%
  ggplot(., aes(x = factor(id), y = group)) +
  geom_tile(aes(alpha = rescale, fill = group), color = "white") +
  scale_alpha(range = c(0.1, 1)) +
  theme(legend.position = "none",
        axis.text.y = element_text(color = scales::hue_pal()(length(levels(data$group)))),
        axis.ticks = element_blank()) +
  labs(x = "", y = "")

这篇关于图中的热图，每组不同的颜色的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！