击。删除所有文件和目录，但某些那些 [英] Bash. Delete all files and directories but certain ones

问题描述

我正在写需要抹掉一切从目录中，除了两个目录，mysql和温度的脚本。

I'm writing a script that needs to erase everything from a directory except two directories, mysql and temp.

我试过这样：

ls * | grep -v mysql | grep -v temp | xargs rm -rf

不过这也使一切有mysql在他们的名字，我不需要的文件。它也不会删除任何其他目录。

but this also keeps all the files that have mysql in their name, that i don't need. it also doesn't delete any other directories.

什么想法？

推荐答案

您可以尝试：

rm -rf !(mysql|init)

这是 POSIX定义：

 Glob patterns can also contain pattern lists. A pattern list is a sequence
of one or more patterns separated by either | or &. ... The following list
describes valid sub-patterns.

...
!(pattern-list):
    Matches any string that does not match the specified pattern-list.
...

注意：请花时间先测试一下吧！无论是创建一些测试文件夹，或者干脆回声参数替换，如正式通过@mnagel注意的是：

Note: Please, take time to test it first! Either create some test folder, or simply echo the parameter substitution, as duly noted by @mnagel:

echo !(mysql|init)

<一个href=\"http://stackoverflow.com/questions/216995/how-can-i-use-inverse-or-negative-wildcards-when-pattern-matching-in-a-unix-linu\">Adding有用的信息的：如果匹配不是的有效的，你可以启用/使用禁用：

Adding useful information: if the matching is not active, you may to enable/disable it by using:

shopt extglob                   # shows extglob status
shopt -s extglob                # enables extglob
shopt -u extglob                # disables extglob

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