请问C ++包含了整个C语言？ [英] Does C++ contain the entire C language?

问题描述

我已阅读在C ++中包含了整个C语言教程。

I have read in tutorials that C++ contains the entire C programming language.

不过，我也看到了，在地方这样的

However I have also read, in places like this that

如果你学习C ++，你会最终学会大多数C的与你将学习一段时间语言之间的一些差异。

If you learn C++ you will eventually learn most of C with some differences between the languages that you will learn over time.

所以我的问题是只有这个：

So my question is only this:

如果我知道C ++非常好，我将最终学会真正的C语言（没有任何分歧），因为完整的C90语言包括在C ++ 11？

If I know C++ very well, will I eventually learn the "real" C language (without any "differences") because the full C90 language is included in C++11?

推荐答案

没有，C ++不是C语言的超集。虽然C ++含有C的很大一部分，有可能咬你不好，你至少期望他们细微的差别。下面是一些例子：

No, C++ is not a superset of the C language. While C++ contains a large part of C, there are subtle difference that can bite you badly where you least expect them. Here are some examples:

• C不要求在无效指向具体类型的变量赋值显式转换。


• C有关于常量不同的规则传播。


• C有一种叫做隐性 INT 规则，其中，虽然与C99取消了，显得有些时候，需要考虑的。


• 的C preprocessor有一些功能的C ++ preprocessor没有。


• C语言有两种风格的函数定义，K＆放大器; R-风格和Stroustrup的风格。 C ++只有Stroustrup的风格。


• C和C的词法规则++与既不是另一个
的一个子集不同

• C和C ++有不同的套保留字。这可能会导致奇怪的错误，因为一个标识符未在其他语言允许的。


• 当C ++几乎花了所有的功能从ANSI C（C89），很多功能都在随后的修订标准所不具备的C ++加入到C


• C ++有不同的语法，甚至有些部分是不是新的。例如， A？ B：C = D 在C语法错误，但分析为 A？ B：（C = D）在C ++


• ç保证＆放大器; * E 是完全相同电子，即使 Ë是一个空指针。 C ++有没有这样的保证。


• 在C，一个字符串初始化字符数组可以初始化数组至少是只要没有尾随 \\ 0 字节字符串。 （即字符富[3] =栏是合法的）。在C ++中，数组至少只要是为包括结尾的字符串 \\ 0 字节。


• 在C，文字像字符'A'的类型 INT 。在C ++中，它具有键入字符。

• C does not require explicit conversion on assignment of void pointers to variables of concrete type.
• C has different rules regarding const propagation.
• C has something called the "implicit int rule," which, although abolished with C99, appears some times and needs to be considered.
• The C preprocessor has some features the C++ preprocessor does not have.
• The C language has two styles of function definition, K&R-style and Stroustrup-style. C++ only has Stroustrup-style.
• The lexing rules for C and C++ are different with neither being a subset of the other
• C and C++ have different sets of reserved words. This can cause weird errors because an identifier is not allowed in the other language.
• While C++ took almost all features from ANSI C (C89), many features were added to C in subsequent standard revisions that are not available in C++.
• C++ has a different syntax, even for some parts that aren't new. For example, a ? b : c = d is a syntax error in C but parsed as a ? b : (c = d) in C++.
• C guarantees that &*E is exactly identical to E, even if E is a null pointer. C++ has no such guarantee.
• In C, a string literal initializing an array of characters can initialize an array that is at least as long as the string without the trailing \0 byte. (i.e. char foo[3] = "bar" is legal). In C++, the array has to be at least as long as the string including the trailing \0 byte.
• In C, a character literal like 'A' has type int. In C++, it has type char.

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