Makefile文件：如何正确包含头文件和目录？ [英] Makefile: How to correctly include header file and its directory?

问题描述

我有以下生成文件：

CC=g++
INC_DIR = ../StdCUtil
CFLAGS=-c -Wall -I$(INC_DIR)
DEPS = split.h

all: Lock.o DBC.o Trace.o

%.o: %.cpp $(DEPS)
    $(CC) -o $@ $< $(CFLAGS)

clean:
    rm -rf *o all

此生成文件和所有三个源文件 Lock.cpp ， DBC.cpp ， Trace.cpp 位于名为核心当前目录。其中一个源文件 Trace.cpp 的包含线，包括当前目录之外的头文件：

This makefile and all three source files Lock.cpp, DBC.cpp, Trace.cpp are located in the current directory called Core. One of the source file Trace.cpp contains a line that includes a header file outside the current directory:

//in Trace.cpp
#include "StdCUtil/split.h"

头文件 split.h 位于上方的当前目录，然后在被称为子目录 StdCUtil 。所以这就是为什么我添加 INC_DIR = ../ StdCUtil 在makefile。总的目录结构如下所示：

The header file split.h is located at one level above the current directory and then in the subdirectory called StdCUtil. So that's why I added INC_DIR = ../StdCUtil in the makefile. The overall directory structure looks like the following:

root
  |___Core
  |     |
  |     |____Makefile
  |     |____DBC.cpp
  |     |____Lock.cpp
  |     |____Trace.cpp
  |
  |___StdCUtil
        |___split.h

但是，当我做它，它给我的错误：

But when I make it, it gives me the error:

Trace.cpp:8:28: fatal error: StdCUtil/split.h: No such file or directory
 #include "StdCUtil/split.h"
                            ^
compilation terminated.
<builtin>: recipe for target 'Trace.o' failed

为什么这个没有找到头文件 split.h 即使我指定 INC_DIR 在makefile ？如何纠正呢？

Why this doesn't find the header file split.h even if I specify the INC_DIR in the makefile? How to correct this?

推荐答案

这些生产线在你的makefile，

These lines in your makefile,

INC_DIR = ../StdCUtil
CFLAGS=-c -Wall -I$(INC_DIR)
DEPS = split.h

和这条线在你的.cpp文件，

and this line in your .cpp file,

#include "StdCUtil/split.h"

有冲突。

使用源目录中，并与你应该使用 -I 选择您的Makefile 的#include在源文件split.h和你的依赖应该是 ../ StdCUtil / split.h`。

With your makefile in your source directory and with that -I option you should be using #include "split.h" in your source file, and your dependency should be../StdCUtil/split.h`.

另一个选择：

INC_DIR = ../StdCUtil
CFLAGS=-c -Wall -I$(INC_DIR)/..  # Ugly!
DEPS = $(INC_DIR)/split.h

有了这个你的的#include 指令将保持为的#includeStdCUtil / split.h。

另一个选择是将在父目录生成文件：

Yet another option is to place your makefile in the parent directory:

root
  |____Makefile
  |
  |___Core
  |     |____DBC.cpp
  |     |____Lock.cpp
  |     |____Trace.cpp
  |
  |___StdCUtil
        |___split.h

通过这种布局，通常把目标文件（也可能是可执行程序）在一个子目录平行于你的核心和 StdCUtil 目录。 对象，例如。有了这个，你的Makefile就变成了：

With this layout it is common to put the object files (and possibly the executable) in a subdirectory that is parallel to your Core and StdCUtil directories. Object, for example. With this, your makefile becomes:

INC_DIR = StdCUtil
SRC_DIR = Core
OBJ_DIR = Object
CFLAGS  = -c -Wall -I.
SRCS = $(SRC_DIR)/Lock.cpp $(SRC_DIR)/DBC.cpp $(SRC_DIR)/Trace.cpp
OBJS = $(OBJ_DIR)/Lock.o $(OBJ_DIR)/DBC.o $(OBJ_DIR)/Trace.o
# Note: The above will soon get unwieldy.
# The wildcard and patsubt commands will come to your rescue.

DEPS = $(INC_DIR)/split.h
# Note: The above will soon get unwieldy.
# You will soon want to use an automatic dependency generator.


all: $(OBJS)

$(OBJ_DIR)/%.o: $(SRC_DIR)/%.cpp
  $(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $< -o $@

$(OBJ_DIR)/Trace.o: $(DEPS)

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