如何使用C ++类与ctypes？ [英] How to use C++ classes with ctypes?

问题描述

我刚刚开始使用ctypes，并希望使用一个C + +类，我已经导出一个dll文件从python使用ctypes。
所以我们可以说我的C ++代码看起来像这样：

  class MyClass {
 public：
 int test（）; 
 ... 
  

我会知道创建一个包含这个类的.dll文件，然后使用ctypes在python中加载.dll文件。
现在我如何创建一个类型为MyClass的对象并调用其测试函数？这是甚至可能与ctypes？或者，我会考虑使用SWIG或Boost.Python，但ctypes似乎是小项目的最简单的选项。

解决方案

对于C ++没有标准的二进制接口。对于同一个C ++动态库，不同的编译器输出不同的二进制文件，因为名称调用和不同的方式来处理库函数调用之间的堆栈。

因此，不幸的是，一般来说，实际上没有一种可移植的方式来访问C ++库 。但是，对于一个编译器一次，这没有问题。 -be-a-pain-due-to-politics-Bothering-language-creators-is-fun .... html>这篇博客文章还简要概述了为什么这不会工作。也许C ++ 0x出来后，我们会有一个标准的ABI为C ++？在那之前，你可能不会有任何方法通过Python的 ctypes 访问C ++类。

I'm just getting started with ctypes and would like to use a C++ class that I have exported in a dll file from within python using ctypes. So lets say my C++ code looks something like this:

class MyClass {
  public:
    int test();
...

I would know create a .dll file that contains this class and then load the .dll file in python using ctypes. Now how would I create an Object of type MyClass and call its test function? Is that even possible with ctypes? Alternatively I would consider using SWIG or Boost.Python but ctypes seems like the easiest option for small projects.

解决方案

The short story is that there is no standard binary interface for C++ in the way that there is for C. Different compilers output different binaries for the same C++ dynamic libraries, due to name mangling and different ways to handle the stack between library function calls.

So, unfortunately, there really isn't a portable way to access C++ libraries in general. But, for one compiler at a time, it's no problem.

This blog post also has a short overview of why this currently won't work. Maybe after C++0x comes out, we'll have a standard ABI for C++? Until then, you're probably not going to have any way to access C++ classes through Python's ctypes.

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