正则表达式库中特定于语言环境的行为？ [英] Locale specific behavior in the regex library?

问题描述

当我使用特定语言环境嵌入正则表达式对象时，它如何影响匹配行为？它影响整理，还是其他什么？

When I imbue a regex object with a particular locale, how does it affect the matching behavior? Does it affect collation, or anything else? I can't seem to find an explanation anywhere.

推荐答案

它至少会影响到以下内容：

It affects at least the following:

• 排序规则：用法语语言环境填充的正则表达式 [af] 应匹配字符é。


• 同样，芬兰语区域设置中的 \w 应匹配字符ä（但 [az] 应该不是，在ñ，ä和ö在芬兰语z之后，在德语中， [az] 应匹配ä。


• 在符合Unicode的区域设置中， Unicode等效算法


• 使用POSIX兼容的正则表达式风格（基本，扩展，awk，grep和egrep）时， POSIX字符类应具有区域意义： [= e =] 应在法语区域设置中匹配é，但不能与英语区域设置匹配。

• Collation: the regex [a-f] imbued with a French locale should match the character é.
• Similarly, \w in a Finnish locale should match the character ä (but [a-z] should not, as å, ä and ö collate after z in Finnish. In German, however, [a-z] should match ä.)
• In a Unicode compatible locale, the Unicode equivalence algorithm should be used, so that composed forms of a character match a decomposed form and vice versa.
• With a POSIX-compatible regex flavor (basic, extended, awk, grep, and egrep), the POSIX character classes should be locale-aware: [=e=] should match é in a French locale but not in an English locale.

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