包括仅用于.h文件中的私有数据的头 [英] Including headers just for private data in a .h file

问题描述

我在 class.cpp 和 class.h 中定义了一个类。该类使用一些结构/类/类型/在 stuff.h （当然， stuff.cpp ）私人成员和方法。我的主程序在 main.cpp ，其中 #include s class.h ，但不关心 stuff.h 中的任何内容。如果它有区别， class.cp 应该动态加载（.dll / .so）。

我理想地希望有 stuff.h 仅包含在 class.cpp 和 stuff.cpp 仅链接到此文件，因为它们只会导致 main.cpp 中的命名空间污染，并通过链接到最终程序而额外膨胀。

问题是，我必须在 class.h 中包含 stuff.h ，因为它的定义 private：是我的类的一部分，这全部在 class.h 中。由于 main.cpp 带来 class.h ，它也会得到 stuff.h ！

I have a class defined in class.cpp and class.h. The class uses some structures/classes/types/whatever defined in stuff.h (and of course, stuff.cpp) for private members and methods. My main program is in main.cpp, which #includes class.h, but doesn't care about anything in stuff.h. If it makes a difference, class.cp is supposed to be loaded dynamically (.dll/.so).
I would ideally like to have the stuff.h only included in class.cpp and stuff.cpp linked only to this file, as they would just cause name-space pollution in main.cpp and extra bloat by being linked to the final program.
The problem is that I have to include stuff.h in class.h, since it's definitions are used in the private: part of my class, which is all in class.h. And since main.cpp brings in class.h, it also gets stuff.h!

我希望这一点很清楚。在C＃中，这可以通过部分类来解决。

I hope this was clear. In C# this can be solved by partial classes. How would I do this in C++?

推荐答案

你可以在C ++中使用pImpl aka Opaque Pointers 其中你公开的类只有一个属性是一个部分定义的结构（有时人们使用void *而不是相同的efefct ）。

You do that in C++ by using pImpl aka Opaque Pointers where the class you expose only have one attribute which is a partially defined struct (sometimes people uses void* instead, but to same efefct).

部分定义的struct，然后在 stuff.cpp 中完全定义， - 唯一的障碍是，你需要确保你的构造函数和析构函数新的/删除内部实现，你需要在你的复制构造函数和你的赋值运算符 operator = - 大多数人选择只是使复制constrctor和赋值运算符私有，这样编译器将对象，如果他们被使用。

The partially defined struct, then is fully defined inside your stuff.cpp and everything works as you expect -- the only snag is that you need to make sure that you constructor and destructor new/delete the internal implementation, and you need to make special provisions in your copy constructor and and your assignment operator operator= -- most people opt for just make the copy constrctor and assignment operators private, so that the compiler will object if they are used.

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