帮助在Windows上使用MinGW编译GTK + [英] Help compiling GTK+ on Windows using MinGW

问题描述

我试图在Windows上编译一个简单的GTK + Hello World应用程序。我遵循此网址的教程：

http://pandhare0.tripod.com/#mini-Tutorial

我的HelloWorld.c的内容如下，也取自维基百科示例：

  #include< gtk / gtk.h> 
 
 int main（int argc，char * argv []）
 {
 GtkWidget * window; 
 GtkWidget * label; 
 
 gtk_init（& argc，& argv）; 
 
 / *创建主，顶级窗口* / 
 window = gtk_window_new（GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL）; 
 
 / *给它标题* / 
 gtk_window_set_title（GTK_WINDOW（window），Hello World）; 
 
 / *将窗口的destroy信号连接到gtk_main_quit 
 *当窗口即将被销毁时，我们得到一个通知，
 *停止主GTK +循环
 * / 
 g_signal_connect（窗口，destroy，G_CALLBACK（gtk_main_quit），NULL）; 
 
 / *创建Hello，World标签* / 
 label = gtk_label_new（Hello，World）; 
 
 / *并将其插入主窗口* / 
 gtk_container_add（GTK_CONTAINER（window），label）; 
 
 / *确保所有的东西，窗口和标签可见* / 
 gtk_widget_show_all（window）; 
 
 / *启动主循环，让它停留在那里，直到应用程序关闭* / 
 gtk_main（）; 
 
 return 0; 
} 
  

我按照说明生成构建bat文件，其内容如下：

 路径C：\MinGW\bin; C：C：\gtk_2_22_x64 \lib \％路径％
 
 gcc -Wall -g％1 -o％2 -mno-cygwin -mms-bitfields -IC：C：\gtk_2_22_x64\include\gtk-2.0 -IC：C： \gtk_2_22_x64\lib\gtk-2.0 \include -IC：C：\gtk_2_22_x64\include\atk-1.0 -IC：C：\gtk_2_22_x64\include\cairo -IC：C：\\ \\ gtk_2_22_x64 \include\gdk-pixbuf-2.0 -IC：C：\gtk_2_22_x64\include\pango-1.0 -IC：C：\gtk_2_22_x64\include\glib-2.0 -IC：C： \\gtk_2_22_x64\lib\glib-2.0 \include -IC：C：\gtk_2_22_x64\include\pixman-1 -IC：C：\gtk_2_22_x64 \include -IC：C：\gtk_2_22_x64\ include\freetype2 -IC：C：\gtk_2_22_x64 \include\libpng14 -LC：C：\gtk_2_22_x64\lib -lgtk-win32-2.0 -lgdk-win32-2.0 -latk-1.0 -lgio-2.0  - lpangowin32-1.0 -lgdi32 -lpangocairo-1.0 -lgdk_pixbuf-2.0 -lpango-1.0 -lcairo -lgobject-2.0 -lgmodule-2.0 -lgthread-2.0 -lglib-2.0 -lintl 
 
 
％ 2 
  

我的环境路径中有MinGW。当我在命令提示符下运行以下命令时：

  gtkcmd.bat HelloWorld.c HelloWorld.exe 
  

我得到以下输出：

  C：\gtk + _compilation> gtkcmd.bat HelloWorld.c HelloWorld.exe 
 
 C：\gtk + _compilation>路径C：\MinGW\bin; C： \gtk_2_22_x64\lib\C：\MinGW\bin; C：C：\gt 
 k_2_22_x64\lib\C：\MinGW\bin; C：C：\gtk_2_22_x64 \lib\C：\MinGW\bin; C：C：\gtk_2_22_x64 
 \lib\C：\MinGW\bin; C：C：\gtk_2_22_x64\lib\\ \\C：\MinGW\bin; C：\gtk_2_22_x64\lib\C：\MinG 
 W \bin; C：\gtk_2_22_x64 \lib \C：\Program文件\Common Files \Microsoft Shared \Windows 
 Live; C：\Program Files（x86）\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\Windows Live; C：\Windo 
 ws\\ \\ system32; C：\Windows; C：\Windows \System32\Wbem; C：\Windows \System32\WindowsPower 
 Shell \v1.0 \; C：\Program文件\Dell \Dell无线WLAN卡; c：\程序文件（x86）
 \Common文件\Roxio共享\10.0 \DLL共享\; c：\程序文件（x86） \Common Files\R 
 oxio Shared\DLLShared \; C：\Program Files\TortoiseSVN\bin; c：\Program Files（x86）\M 
 Microsoft SQL Server \90\Tools\binn\; C：\Program Files（x86）\Windows Live \Shared; C：
 \Program Files（x86）\IronPython 2.7; c： \Program Files（x86）\Microsoft ASP.NET\ASP 
 .NET Web Pages \v1.0 \; C：\Program Files（x86）\GtkSharp\2.12\bin ; C：\MinGW\bin; C：\gt 
 k_2_22_x64 \bin; C：\gtk_2_22_x64\lib 
 
 C：\gtk + _compilation> gcc  - Wall -g HelloWorld.c -o HelloWorld.exe -mno-cygwin -mms 
 -bitfields -IC：C：\gtk_2_22_x64\include\gtk-2.0 -IC：C：\gtk_2_22_x64\lib \gtk-2.0 \i 
 nclude -IC：C：\gtk_2_22_x64 \include\atk-1.0 -IC：C：\gtk_2_22_x64\include\cairo -IC 
： C：\gtk_2_22_x64\include\gdk-pixbuf-2.0 -IC：C：\gtk_2_22_x64\include\pango-1.0 -I 
 C：C：\gtk_2_22_x64\include\glib -2.0 -IC：C：\gtk_2_22_x64\lib\glib-2.0 \include -IC：
 C：\gtk_2_22_x64\include\pixman-1 -IC：C：\gtk_2_22_x64\\ \\include -IC：C：\gtk_2_22_x64 
 \include\freetype2 -IC：C：\gtk_2_22_x64\include\libpng14 -LC：C：\gtk_2_22_x64 \lib 
  - lgtk-win32-2.0 -lgdk-win32-2.0 -latk-1.0 -lgio-2.0 -lpangowin32-1.0 -lgdi32 -lp 
 angocairo-1.0 -lgdk_pixbuf-2.0 -lpango-1.0 -lcairo -lgobject-2.0 -lgmodule -2.0  -  
 lgthread-2.0 -lglib-2.0 -lintl 
 HelloWorld.c：1：22：fatal错误：gtk / gtk.h：没有这样的文件或目录
编译终止。 
 
 C：\gtk + _compilation> HelloWorld.exe 
'HelloWorld.exe'不能识别为内部或外部命令，
可操作的程序或批处理文件。 
 
 C：\gtk + _compilation> 
  

以前，我试过，严格地说教程说，到我现在使用的完整路径。当我使用/虽然它不能链接任何东西。每个GTK语句都返回一个未定义的错误。所以我在命令行的header和linkers语句中使用Full路径。从上面可以看到，它找不到gtk / gth.h头。这让我很困惑，因为我可以清楚地看到这样的命令行参数的路径。

任何帮助是非常感激。

干杯，

Andrew

更新：

好吧 - 我搞砸了bat文件 - daft的错误，但在纠正这些内联回答下面我现在有以下bat文件：

  path \MinGW\bin; C：\gtk_2_22_x64\lib\％path％
 
 gcc -Wall -g％1 -o％2 -mno-cygwin -mms-bitfields -IC：\gtk_2_22_x64\include\gtk-2.0 -IC：\gtk_2_22_x64\lib\gtk-2.0 \include -IC：\gtk_2_22_x64\\ \\include\atk-1.0 -IC：\gtk_2_22_x64\include\cairo -IC：\gtk_2_22_x64\include\gdk-pixbuf-2.0 -IC：\gtk_2_22_x64\include\pango-1.0  - IC：\gtk_2_22_x64\include\glib-2.0 -IC：\gtk_2_22_x64\lib\glib-2.0 \include -IC：\gtk_2_22_x64\include\pixman-1 -IC：\gtk_2_22_x64 \include -IC：\gtk_2_22_x64\include\freetype2 -IC：\gtk_2_22_x64\include\libpng14 -LC：\gtk_2_22_x64\lib -lgtk-win32-2.0 -lgdk-win32-2.0 -latk -1.0 -lgio-2.0 -lpangowin32-1.0 -lgdi32 -lpangocairo-1.0 -lgdk_pixbuf-2.0 -lpango-1.0 -lcairo -lgobject-2.0 -lgmodule-2.0 -lgthread-2.0 -lglib-2.0 -lintl 
 
 
％2 
  

之后，我从编译中得到以下错误： / p>

  C：\Users\REA_AN〜1\AppData\Local\Temp\cclrbtyP.o：In function 'main'：
 C：\gtk + _compilation / HelloWorld.c：8：undefined引用`gtk_init_abi_check'
 C：\gtk + _compilation / HelloWorld.c：11： gtk_window_new'
 C：\gtk + _compilation / HelloWorld.c：14：未定义引用`gtk_window_get_type 
'
 C：\gtk + _compilation / HelloWorld.c：14：undefined到`g_type_check_instan 
 ce_cast'
 C：\gtk + _compilation / HelloWorld.c：14：未定义引用`gtk_window_set_titl 
 e'
 C：\gtk + _compilation / HelloWorld.c：20：未定义引用`gtk_main_quit'
 C：\gtk + _compilation / HelloWorld.c：20：未定义引用`g_signal_connect_da 
 ta'
 C：\gtk + _compilation / HelloWorld.c：23：未定义引用`gtk_label_new'
 C：\gtk + _compilation / HelloWorld.c：26：未定义引用`gtk_container_get_t 
 ype'
 C： \gtk + _compilation / HelloWorld.c：26：未定义引用`g_type_check_instan 
 ce_cast'
 C：\gtk + _compilation / HelloWorld.c：26：未定义引用`gtk_container_add'
 C：\gtk + _compilation / HelloWorld.c：29：未定义引用`gtk_widget_show_all 
'
 C：\gtk + _compilation / HelloWorld.c：32：undefined引用`gtk_main'
 collect2：ld returned 1 exit status 
  

解决方案

似乎你错误地创建.bat文件的指令错误地创建 - 这：

  -IC：C：\gtk_2_22_x64 \ include\gtk-2.0 
  

应为：

  -IC：\gtk_2_22_x64\include\gtk-2.0 
  

和其他地方相似。您的路径设置不正确 -

：

 路径C：\MinGW\bin; C：C ：\gtk_2_22_x64\lib \％path％
  

应为：

 路径C：\MinGW\bin; C：\gtk_2_22_x64\lib\％path％
  
 
 
 
或类似的东西（注意C：C：应该是C：）。
 
 
 
 修改：现在您的问题是链接器找不到库。批处理文件应包含以下内容：
  -L / path / to / gtk / libraries 
  
但我不知道您在创建文件时如何指定。
 
I am on with trying to compile a simple GTK+ Hello World app on windows.  I am following a tutorial from this url:

http://pandhare0.tripod.com/#mini-Tutorial

The contents of my HelloWorld.c is as follows and also taken from a wikipedia example:
 #include <gtk/gtk.h>

 int main (int argc, char *argv[])
 {
    GtkWidget *window;
    GtkWidget *label;

    gtk_init (&argc, &argv);

    /* create the main, top level, window */
    window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);

    /* give it the title */
    gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "Hello World");

    /* Connect the destroy signal of the window to gtk_main_quit
     * When the window is about to be destroyed we get a notification and
     * stop the main GTK+ loop
     */
    g_signal_connect (window, "destroy", G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL);

    /* Create the "Hello, World" label  */
    label = gtk_label_new ("Hello, World");

    /* and insert it into the main window  */
    gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), label);

    /* make sure that everything, window and label, are visible */
    gtk_widget_show_all (window);

    /* start the main loop, and let it rest there until the application is closed */
    gtk_main ();

    return 0;
 }
I have followed the instructions to generate the build bat file and the contents of which are below:
path C:\MinGW\bin;C:C:\gtk_2_22_x64\lib\%path%

gcc -Wall -g %1 -o %2 -mno-cygwin -mms-bitfields -IC:C:\gtk_2_22_x64\include\gtk-2.0 -IC:C:\gtk_2_22_x64\lib\gtk-2.0\include -IC:C:\gtk_2_22_x64\include\atk-1.0 -IC:C:\gtk_2_22_x64\include\cairo -IC:C:\gtk_2_22_x64\include\gdk-pixbuf-2.0 -IC:C:\gtk_2_22_x64\include\pango-1.0 -IC:C:\gtk_2_22_x64\include\glib-2.0 -IC:C:\gtk_2_22_x64\lib\glib-2.0\include -IC:C:\gtk_2_22_x64\include\pixman-1 -IC:C:\gtk_2_22_x64\include -IC:C:\gtk_2_22_x64\include\freetype2 -IC:C:\gtk_2_22_x64\include\libpng14 -LC:C:\gtk_2_22_x64\lib -lgtk-win32-2.0 -lgdk-win32-2.0 -latk-1.0 -lgio-2.0 -lpangowin32-1.0 -lgdi32 -lpangocairo-1.0 -lgdk_pixbuf-2.0 -lpango-1.0 -lcairo -lgobject-2.0 -lgmodule-2.0 -lgthread-2.0 -lglib-2.0 -lintl


%2
I have the MinGW inside my environment path.  When I run the following command inside my command prompt:
gtkcmd.bat HelloWorld.c HelloWorld.exe
I get the following output:
C:\gtk+_compilation>gtkcmd.bat HelloWorld.c HelloWorld.exe

C:\gtk+_compilation>path C:\MinGW\bin;C:C:\gtk_2_22_x64\lib\C:\MinGW\bin;C:C:\gt
k_2_22_x64\lib\C:\MinGW\bin;C:C:\gtk_2_22_x64\lib\C:\MinGW\bin;C:C:\gtk_2_22_x64
\lib\C:\MinGW\bin;C:C:\gtk_2_22_x64\lib\C:\MinGW\bin;C:\gtk_2_22_x64\lib\C:\MinG
W\bin;C:\gtk_2_22_x64\lib\C:\Program Files\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\Windows
 Live;C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\Windows Live;C:\Windo
ws\system32;C:\Windows;C:\Windows\System32\Wbem;C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPower
Shell\v1.0\;C:\Program Files\Dell\Dell Wireless WLAN Card;c:\Program Files (x86)
\Common Files\Roxio Shared\10.0\DLLShared\;c:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\R
oxio Shared\DLLShared\;C:\Program Files\TortoiseSVN\bin;c:\Program Files (x86)\M
icrosoft SQL Server\90\Tools\binn\;C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Live\Shared;C:
\Program Files (x86)\IronPython 2.7;c:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft ASP.NET\ASP
.NET Web Pages\v1.0\;C:\Program Files (x86)\GtkSharp\2.12\bin;C:\MinGW\bin;C:\gt
k_2_22_x64\bin;C:\gtk_2_22_x64\lib

C:\gtk+_compilation>gcc -Wall -g HelloWorld.c -o HelloWorld.exe -mno-cygwin -mms
-bitfields -IC:C:\gtk_2_22_x64\include\gtk-2.0 -IC:C:\gtk_2_22_x64\lib\gtk-2.0\i
nclude -IC:C:\gtk_2_22_x64\include\atk-1.0 -IC:C:\gtk_2_22_x64\include\cairo -IC
:C:\gtk_2_22_x64\include\gdk-pixbuf-2.0 -IC:C:\gtk_2_22_x64\include\pango-1.0 -I
C:C:\gtk_2_22_x64\include\glib-2.0 -IC:C:\gtk_2_22_x64\lib\glib-2.0\include -IC:
C:\gtk_2_22_x64\include\pixman-1 -IC:C:\gtk_2_22_x64\include -IC:C:\gtk_2_22_x64
\include\freetype2 -IC:C:\gtk_2_22_x64\include\libpng14 -LC:C:\gtk_2_22_x64\lib
-lgtk-win32-2.0 -lgdk-win32-2.0 -latk-1.0 -lgio-2.0 -lpangowin32-1.0 -lgdi32 -lp
angocairo-1.0 -lgdk_pixbuf-2.0 -lpango-1.0 -lcairo -lgobject-2.0 -lgmodule-2.0 -
lgthread-2.0 -lglib-2.0 -lintl
HelloWorld.c:1:22: fatal error: gtk/gtk.h: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.

C:\gtk+_compilation>HelloWorld.exe
'HelloWorld.exe' is not recognized as an internal or external command,
operable program or batch file.

C:\gtk+_compilation>
Previously I had tried, strictly what the tutorial said, and used the / in the path statements as opposed to the full paths I now use.  When I did use the / though it could not link anything.  Every GTK statement returned an undefined error.  So I have stayed with using the Full path in the header and linkers statements in the command line.   As you can see from the above, it cannot find the gtk/gth.h header.  This confuses me as I can clearly see the paths for such inside the command line arguments.

Any help is greatly appreciated.

Cheers,

Andrew

UPDATE:

Ok - I did screw up the bat file - daft mistakes but after correcting these inline with an answer below I now have the following bat file:
path \MinGW\bin;C:\gtk_2_22_x64\lib\%path%

gcc -Wall -g %1 -o %2 -mno-cygwin -mms-bitfields -IC:\gtk_2_22_x64\include\gtk-2.0 -IC:\gtk_2_22_x64\lib\gtk-2.0\include -IC:\gtk_2_22_x64\include\atk-1.0 -IC:\gtk_2_22_x64\include\cairo -IC:\gtk_2_22_x64\include\gdk-pixbuf-2.0 -IC:\gtk_2_22_x64\include\pango-1.0 -IC:\gtk_2_22_x64\include\glib-2.0 -IC:\gtk_2_22_x64\lib\glib-2.0\include -IC:\gtk_2_22_x64\include\pixman-1 -IC:\gtk_2_22_x64\include -IC:\gtk_2_22_x64\include\freetype2 -IC:\gtk_2_22_x64\include\libpng14 -LC:\gtk_2_22_x64\lib -lgtk-win32-2.0 -lgdk-win32-2.0 -latk-1.0 -lgio-2.0 -lpangowin32-1.0 -lgdi32 -lpangocairo-1.0 -lgdk_pixbuf-2.0 -lpango-1.0 -lcairo -lgobject-2.0 -lgmodule-2.0 -lgthread-2.0 -lglib-2.0 -lintl


%2
After this I now get the following errors from the compilation:
C:\Users\REA_AN~1\AppData\Local\Temp\cclrbtyP.o: In function `main':
C:\gtk+_compilation/HelloWorld.c:8: undefined reference to `gtk_init_abi_check'
C:\gtk+_compilation/HelloWorld.c:11: undefined reference to `gtk_window_new'
C:\gtk+_compilation/HelloWorld.c:14: undefined reference to `gtk_window_get_type
'
C:\gtk+_compilation/HelloWorld.c:14: undefined reference to `g_type_check_instan
ce_cast'
C:\gtk+_compilation/HelloWorld.c:14: undefined reference to `gtk_window_set_titl
e'
C:\gtk+_compilation/HelloWorld.c:20: undefined reference to `gtk_main_quit'
C:\gtk+_compilation/HelloWorld.c:20: undefined reference to `g_signal_connect_da
ta'
C:\gtk+_compilation/HelloWorld.c:23: undefined reference to `gtk_label_new'
C:\gtk+_compilation/HelloWorld.c:26: undefined reference to `gtk_container_get_t
ype'
C:\gtk+_compilation/HelloWorld.c:26: undefined reference to `g_type_check_instan
ce_cast'
C:\gtk+_compilation/HelloWorld.c:26: undefined reference to `gtk_container_add'
C:\gtk+_compilation/HelloWorld.c:29: undefined reference to `gtk_widget_show_all
'
C:\gtk+_compilation/HelloWorld.c:32: undefined reference to `gtk_main'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

解决方案
It seems you folowed the instructions to create the .bat file incorrectly somehow - this:
-IC:C:\gtk_2_22_x64\include\gtk-2.0
should be:
-IC:\gtk_2_22_x64\include\gtk-2.0
and similar elsewhere. It looks like your path has got set up incorrectly - this:
path C:\MinGW\bin;C:C:\gtk_2_22_x64\lib\%path%
should be:
path C:\MinGW\bin;C:\gtk_2_22_x64\lib\%path%
or something like it (note C:C: should be C:).

Edit: And now your problem is that the linker cannot find the libraries. The batch file should contain stuff like:
-L/path/to/gtk/libraries
but I don't know how you specify that when you create the file.

                        
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