实例属性attribute_name在__init__外部定义 [英] Instance attribute attribute_name defined outside __init__

问题描述

我通过调用多个函数来拆分类构造函数，如下所示：

I split up my class constructor by letting it call multiple functions, like this:

class Wizard:
    def __init__(self, argv):
        self.parse_arguments(argv)
        self.wave_wand() # declaration omitted

    def parse_arguments(self, argv):
        if self.has_correct_argument_count(argv):
            self.name = argv[0]
            self.magic_ability = argv[1]
        else:
            raise InvalidArgumentsException() # declaration omitted

# ... irrelevant functions omitted

我的解释器很高兴地运行我的代码，Pylint有一个投诉：

While my interpreter happily runs my code, Pylint has a complaint:

实例属性attribute_name定义在__init之外__

粗略的Google搜索目前是无效的。保持 __ init __ 中的所有构造函数逻辑似乎无组织，并且关闭Pylint警告也似乎是hack-ish。

A cursory Google search is currently fruitless. Keeping all constructor logic in __init__ seems unorganized, and turning off the Pylint warning also seems hack-ish.

推荐答案

这个讯息背后的想法是：为了可读性。我们希望通过读取它的 __ init __ 方法来查找实例可能具有的所有属性。

The idea behind this message is for the sake of readability. We expect to find all the attributes an instance may have by reading its __init__ method.

分割初始化为其他方法。在这种情况下，您可以在 __ init __ 中简单地将属性分配给无子初始化方法。

You may still want to split initialization into other methods though. In such case, you can simply assign attributes to None (with a bit of documentation) in the __init__ then call the sub-initialization methods.

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