使用Cygwin编译C ++ [英] Compile C++ with Cygwin

问题描述

如何在Cygwin中编译我的C ++程序。我有gcc安装。我应该使用什么命令？此外，如何在.cpp扩展中运行我的控制台应用程序。我试图用一些小程序学习C ++，但在Visual C ++，我不想为每个小的.cpp文件创建一个单独的项目。

How do I compile my C++ programs in Cygwin. I have gcc installed. What command should I use? Also, how do I run my console application when it is in a .cpp extension. I am trying to learn C++ with some little programs, but in Visual C++, I don't want to have to create a seperate project for each little .cpp file.

推荐答案

您需要使用以下命令：

g++ -o prog prog.cpp

这是一个简单的形式，将一个单文件C ++项目变成可执行文件。如果你有多个C ++文件，你可以这样做：

That's a simple form that will turn a one-file C++ project into an executable. If you have multiple C++ files, you can do:

g++ -o prog prog.cpp part2.cpp part3.cpp

但是最终，为了方便起见，我们需要引入makefile，这样你只需要编译改变。然后你最终会得到一个 Makefile like：

but eventually, you'll want to introduce makefiles for convenience so that you only have to compile the bits that have changed. Then you'll end up with a Makefile like:

prog: prog.o part2.o part3.o
    g++ -o prog prog.o part2.o part3.o

prog.o: prog.cpp
    g++ -c -o prog.o prog.cpp

part2.o: part2.cpp
    g++ -c -o part2.o part2.cpp

part3.o: part3.cpp
    g++ -c -o part3.o part3.cpp

然后，您将开始计算如何编写makefiles以使其更加灵活（例如，不需要为每个C ++文件单独创建规则），但可以留下另一个问题。

And then, you'll start figuring how to write your makefiles to make them more flexible (such as not needing a separate rule for each C++ file), but that can be left for another question.

关于对每个C ++文件有一个单独的项目，这是没有必要的。如果你把它们都放在一个目录下，并且有一个简单的C ++文件映射到可执行文件，你可以使用下面的makefile：

Regarding having a separate project for each C++ file, that's not necessary at all. If you've got them all in one directory and there's a simple mapping of C++ files to executable files, you can use the following makefile:

SRCS=$(wildcard *.cpp)
EXES=$(SRCS:.cpp=.exe)

all: $(EXES)

%.exe: %.cpp
    g++ -o $@ $^

make 命令，它将（智能地）创建所有可执行文件。 $ @ 是目标， $ ^ 是先决条件列表。

Then run the make command and it will (intelligently) create all your executables. $@ is the target and $^ is the list of pre-requisites.

而且，如果你有更复杂的规则，只需在底部对它们。将优先于模式规则选择特定规则：

And, if you have more complicated rules, just tack them down at the bottom. Specific rules will be chosen in preference to the pattern rules:

SRCS=$(wildcard *.cpp)
EXES=$(SRCS:.cpp=.exe)

all: $(EXES)

%.exe: %.cpp
    g++ -o $@ $^

xx.exe: xx.cpp xx2.cpp xx3.cpp
    g++ -o $@ $^
    echo Made with special rule.

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