Debian下的RStudio安装失败sid：libgstreamer依赖问题 [英] RStudio installation failure under Debian sid: libgstreamer dependency problems

问题描述

我使用Debian sid（amd64），每周滚动更新一次。我最近从他们的官方网站下载了RStudio的桌面版本0.99.902，并发行（当然是root用户）：

dpkg -i rstudio-0.99.902-amd64 .deb

无效：

dpkg：依赖问题阻止rstudio的配置：
rstudio取决于libgstreamer0.10-0;但是：
未安装libgstreamer0.10-0软件包。
rstudio取决于libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0;但是：
未安装libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0软件包。

这两个软件包的较新版本（1.0-0）安装在系统，但是那些较旧的（0.10-0）在Debian官方网站上不再可用。

应该做什么让RStudio安装并在$ b下完全运行$ b Debian sid？当然，我已经从官方的Debian
存储库中安装了R debs，没有任何问题...

感谢任何帮助！

解决方案

截至2016年年中，RStudio对GStreamer 0.10有很大的依赖性，没有办法。您必须安装 libgstreamer0.10-0 和 libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0 以使用RStudio。 / p>

这些软件包可以从Debian Jessie（stable）轻松拉入。只需将Jessie存储库添加到您的sources.list并使用apt-pinning来降低优先级：

 ＃/ etc / apt / sources.list：
 deb http://httpredir.debian.org/debian jessie main 
  

 ＃/etc/apt/preferences.d/01_release：
包：* 
 Pin：release o = Debian，a =不稳定
 Pin-Priority：600 
 
包装：* 
 Pin：release o = Debian，n = jessie 
 Pin-Priority：10 
  

然后发行 apt-get update 并跟进 apt-get install libgstreamer0.10-0 libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0 。

如果您碰巧将RStudio .deb文件放入本地存储库，则使用 apt-get install rstudio GStreamer0.10将被依赖解析器拉入。这有额外的优势，将这些库标记为自动安装 - 一旦RStudio将它们作为依赖关系，它们将被自动删除。

但是会破坏我的系统吗？ h2>

否。

上游开发人员将GStreamer0.10和GStreamer1.0设计为可共同安装并能够同时运行（源）。事实上，在 2012年9月到 2016年4月。

在这个固定设置中，只有当Jessie是唯一的请求包提供者时，来自Jessie存储库的软件包将被拉入。

为什么RStudio依赖于过时的库？

由于GStreamer0.10是Debian Jessie和Ubuntu 12.04中最新的版本，所以他们希望支持两个发行版。

RStudio最终将不得不升级依赖于GStreamer1.0，因为它将逐渐成为唯一可用的版本。我猜这个改变可能会在2017年春天推出。首先，Ubuntu 12.04的支持将在4月份结束。 Rstudio可能会将基础系统需求突破到14.04 - 一个拥有GStreamer0.10和1.0的需求。第二，Debian Stretch - 只有GStreamer1.0可用 - 预计将在那个时候发布。

I use Debian sid (amd64), rolling updates as often as weekly. I downloaded recently the desktop version 0.99.902 of RStudio from their offical site and issued (as root, of course):

dpkg -i rstudio-0.99.902-amd64.deb

to no avail:

dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of rstudio: rstudio depends on libgstreamer0.10-0; however: Package libgstreamer0.10-0 is not installed. rstudio depends on libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0; however: Package libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0 is not installed.

Newer versions (1.0-0) of these 2 packages are installed on the system, but those older ones (0.10-0) are not available anymore on the official Debian repos.

What should be done to have RStudio installed and fully operational under Debian sid? I have, of course, installed R debs, from official Debian repositories, without any issues...

Thanks for any help!

解决方案

As of mid-2016, RStudio has hard dependency on GStreamer 0.10 and there is no way around it. You have to install libgstreamer0.10-0 and libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0 to use RStudio.

These packages can be easily pulled in from Debian Jessie (stable). Just add Jessie repository to your sources.list and use apt-pinning to give it lower priority:

# /etc/apt/sources.list:
deb http://httpredir.debian.org/debian jessie main

# /etc/apt/preferences.d/01_release:
Package: *
Pin: release o=Debian,a=unstable
Pin-Priority: 600

Package: *
Pin: release o=Debian,n=jessie
Pin-Priority: 10

Then issue apt-get update and follow up with apt-get install libgstreamer0.10-0 libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0.

If you have happened to put RStudio .deb file into local repository, then use apt-get install rstudio and GStreamer0.10 will be pulled in by dependency resolver. This has additional advantage of marking these libraries as automatically installed - they will be subject to automatic removal once RStudio drop them as dependency.

But will that break my system?

No.

Upstream developers designed GStreamer0.10 and GStreamer1.0 as co-installable and able to run at the same time (source). In fact, both were available in Debian repository since September 2012 up to April 2016.

In this pinning setup, packages from Jessie repository will be pulled in only when Jessie is the only provider of requested package. There is no risk of overwriting any package from unstable with older version from stable.

Why does RStudio depend on obsolete library?

Because GStreamer0.10 is the newest version available in both Debian Jessie and Ubuntu 12.04, two distributions they want to support.

RStudio will eventually have to upgrade their dependency to GStreamer1.0, as it will gradually become the only version available. I guess this change may be introduced in spring 2017. First, support for Ubuntu 12.04 will end in April. Rstudio is likely to bump base system requirement to 14.04 - one that has both GStreamer0.10 and 1.0. Second, Debian Stretch - that will have only GStreamer1.0 available - is expected to be released around that time.

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