在python字典中找到一个关键字并返回父母 [英] Find a key in a python dictionary and return its parents

问题描述

我有一个嵌套字典，其中有一个文件夹列表，像这样一个文件夹， 2013_09_10 是根文件夹：

I have a nested dictionary that has a list of folders, like this one where 2013_09_10 is the root folder:

{'2013_09_10': {'master.tex': None, 'master.log': None, 'master.pdf': None, 'Makefile': None, 'pieces': {'rastin.tex': None, '02 Human Information Processing.txt': None, 'p1.tex': None, 'p3.tex': None, '03 Models and Metaphors.txt': None, 'p2.tex': None}, 'master.aux': None, 'front_matter.tex': None}}

我想要完成的是，给定一个文件的名称（例如p1.tex），打印文件的实际路径

What I' trying to accomplish is, given the name of a file (for example p1.tex), print the actual path of the file

2013_09_10/pieces/p1.tex

我创建了代码，但它只给我所有文件的名称，而不是其父键（directiory）：

I've created this piece of code but it only gives me the names of all files, not its parent keys (directiory):

def get_files(directory):
    for filename in directory.keys():
        if not isinstance(directory[filename], dict):
            print filename
        else:
            get_files(directory[filename])

输出：

master.tex
master.log
master.pdf
Makefile
rastin.tex
02 Human Information Processing.txt
p1.tex
p3.tex
03 Models and Metaphors.txt
p2.tex
master.aux
front_matter.tex

我认为我的代码只需要一个简单的修改来完成我想要的，但是我不能排除这个。

I think that my code just need a simple modification to accomplish what I want, but I can't sort this out.

推荐答案

保存路径的前一个目录在第二个参数中，前缀：

Save the path of the preceding directories in a second argument, prefix:

import os
def get_files(directory, prefix=[]):
    for filename in directory.keys():
        path = prefix+[filename]
        if not isinstance(directory[filename], dict):
            print os.path.join(*path)
        else:
            get_files(directory[filename], path)

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