使用Perl重命名目录中的文件 [英] Using Perl to rename files in a directory

问题描述

我想拿一个目录和所有的电子邮件（* .msg）文件，一开始就删除'RE'。我有以下代码，但重命名失败。

I'd like to take a directory and for all email (*.msg) files, remove the 'RE ' at the beginning. I have the following code but the rename fails.

opendir(DIR, 'emails') or die "Cannot open directory";
@files = readdir(DIR);
closedir(DIR);

for (@files){
    next if $_ !~ m/^RE .+msg$/;
    $old = $_;
    s/RE //;
    rename($old, $_) or print "Error renaming: $old\n";
}

推荐答案

如果您的 ./电子邮件目录包含这些文件：

If your ./emails directory contains these files:

1.msg
2.msg
3.msg

然后你的 @files 将看起来像（'。'，'..'，'1.msg'，'2.msg'，'3.msg'）您的重命名需要名称，如'emails / 1.msg'，'电子邮件/ 2。 msg'等等。所以你可以 chdir ，然后重命名：

then your @files will look something like ('.', '..', '1.msg', '2.msg', '3.msg') but your rename wants names like 'emails/1.msg', 'emails/2.msg', etc. So you can chdir before renaming:

chdir('emails');
for (@files) {
    #...
}

您可能还想查看 chdir 返回值。

You'd probably want to check the chdir return value too.

或者自己添加目录名称：

Or add the directory names yourself:

rename('emails/' . $old, 'emails/' . $_) or print "Error renaming $old: $!\n";
# or rename("emails/$old", "emails/$_") if you like string interpolation
# or you could use map if you like map

您可能希望使用 grep ：

You might want to combine your directory reading and filtering using grep:

my @files = grep { /^RE .+msg$/ } readdir(DIR);

甚至这样：

opendir(DIR, 'emails') or die "Cannot open directory";
for (grep { /^RE .+msg$/ } readdir(DIR)) {
    (my $new = $_) =~ s/^RE //;
    rename("emails/$_", "emails/$new") or print "Error renaming $_ to $new: $!\n";
}
closedir(DIR);

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