静态文件找不到 - 在Heroku上部署Django [英] Static files not found - Deploying Django on Heroku

问题描述

我试图在Heroku上部署一个Django站点，但遇到问题，让应用程序找到我的静态文件。我已经使用 python manage.py collectstatic 将我的静态文件收集到一个staticfiles文件夹中，但是我的应用程序似乎还没有找到它们。我继续在我的日志中收到这样的错误：

我我不知道我是否正确地引用路径。在代码中设置为图像/样式表/脚本的路径正在使用开发中使用的原始静态文件夹的路径。我必须重写所有这些路径才能指向使用 collectstatic 命令创建的新的staticfiles文件夹，还是有其他可能导致此问题的问题？ p>

我的settings.py看起来像这样：

  import os 
 
 BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname（os.path.dirname（__ file__））
 
 DEBUG = False 
 
 ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['www.tomdeldridge.com '] 
 
 INSTALLED_APPS =（
'django.contrib.admin'，
'django.contrib.auth'，
'django.contrib.contenttypes'，
'django.contrib.sessions'，
'django.contrib.messages'，
'django.contrib.staticfiles'，
）
 
 MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = （
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware'，
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware'，
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware'，
' django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware'，
 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.SessionAuthenticationMiddleware'，
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware'，
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware'，
'django.middleware 
 
 ROOT_URLCONF ='tomdeldridge.urls'
 
 TEMPLATES = [
 {
'BACKEND'： 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates'，
'DIRS'：['tomdeldridge / templates / tomdeldridge /']，
'APP_DIRS'：True，
'OPTIONS'：{ 
'context_processors'：[
'django.template.context_processors.debug'，
'django.template.context_processors.request'，
'django.contrib.auth.context_processors。 auth'，
'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages'，
]，
}，
}，
] 
 
 WSGI_APPLICA TION ='tomdeldridge.wsgi.application'
 
 DATABASES = {
'default'：{
'ENGINE'：'django.db.backends.sqlite3'，
'NAME'：os.path.join（BASE_DIR，'db.sqlite3'），
} 
} 
 
 LANGUAGE_CODE ='en-us'
 TIME_ZONE ='UTC'
 USE_I18N = True 
 USE_L10N = True 
 USE_TZ = True 
 
 STATICFILES_DIRS =（
 os.path.join（
 os.path.dirname（__ file__），
'static'，
），
）
 
 STATIC_ROOT ='staticfiles'
 STATIC_URL ='/ static /'
  

我的wsgi.py文件：

  import os 
 
 from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application 
 from dj_static import Cling 
 
 application = Cling（get_wsgi_application （））
 
 os.environ.setdefault（DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE，tomdeldridge.settings）
  

我的目录结构：

我在模板中试图引用的图像绝对存在（当我在本地运行应用程序时，它们工作正常。）我这样引用：

{％static'tomdeldridge / images / computer-2.png'％}

我必须使用像nginx这样的服务器在部署过程中提供静态文件吗？我完全失去了从这里去哪里，我不知道为什么有必要重新配置整个静态文件结构才能部署。

解决方案

安装 dj-static package

  $ pip install dj-static 
  

在 settings.py 中配置静态资产：

  DEBUG = False 
 BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname（os.path.dirname（__ file__））
 STATICFILES_DIRS =（
 os.path.join（BASE_DIR，'static'），
 ）
 STATIC_ROOT ='staticfiles'
 STATIC_URL ='/ static /'
  

然后，更新您的 wsgi.py 文件以使用dj-static：

  import os 
 
 os.environ.setdefault（DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE，tomdeldridge.settings）
 
 from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application 
 from dj_static import Cling 
 
 application = Cling（get_wsgi_application（））
  

I am trying to deploy a Django site on Heroku, but I'm running into problems getting the app to locate my static files. I have used python manage.py collectstatic to collect my static files into a staticfiles folder, but my app still doesn't seem to be able to find them. I continue to get errors like this in my log:

I'm not sure if I am referencing the paths properly. The path's that are set to images/stylesheets/scripts in the code are using the path to the original static folder used in development. Do I have to rewrite all of those paths to point to the new staticfiles folder I created with the collectstatic command, or is there some other issue that could be causing this?

My settings.py looks like this:

import os

BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__))

DEBUG = False

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['www.tomdeldridge.com']

INSTALLED_APPS = (
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
)

MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.SessionAuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
)

ROOT_URLCONF = 'tomdeldridge.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': ['tomdeldridge/templates/tomdeldridge/'],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'tomdeldridge.wsgi.application'

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
    }
}

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'
USE_I18N = True
USE_L10N = True
USE_TZ = True

STATICFILES_DIRS = (
    os.path.join(
        os.path.dirname(__file__),
        'static',
    ),
)

STATIC_ROOT = 'staticfiles'
STATIC_URL = '/static/'

My wsgi.py file:

import os

from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
from dj_static import Cling

application = Cling(get_wsgi_application())

os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "tomdeldridge.settings")

My directory structure:

The images I'm trying to reference in my template definitely exist (they work fine when I run the app locally.) I reference them like this:

{% static 'tomdeldridge/images/computer-2.png' %}

Do I have to use a server like nginx to serve static files in deployment? I am totally lost on where to go from here, and I'm not really sure why it's necessary to reconfigure the entire static file structure just to deploy.

解决方案

Install dj-static package

$ pip install dj-static

Configure your static assets in settings.py:

DEBUG = False
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__))
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static'),
)
STATIC_ROOT = 'staticfiles'
STATIC_URL = '/static/'

Then, update your wsgi.py file to use dj-static:

import os

os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "tomdeldridge.settings")

from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
from dj_static import Cling

application = Cling(get_wsgi_application())

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