十六进制转换为最接近的X11色号 [英] Convert HEX to closest X11 Color Number

问题描述

我正在寻找一个算法/方法来转换给定的十六进制（例如＃111111 R：0×11，G：0×11，B：0×11）到最近的X11色号（终端可以是88或256色）利用Python的，PHP或VIM的脚本，我想知道，如果有人知道这里的​​方式，或点我一个方向，以做到这一点。

I'm looking for a Algorithm/Way to convert given HEX (e.g. #111111 R:0x11, G:0x11, B:0x11) to the closest X11 color number (Terminal is either 88 or 256 colors) using either Python, PHP, or VIM script and I was wondering if someone here knows a way or point me to a direction to do this.

在此先感谢。

推荐答案

我有同样的问题（以现有的vim的色彩方案与GVIM十六进制的颜色和填写终端的颜色值）。下面是我用（尽管ColorDist功能会从更好的色彩距离度量像一些其他的海报所提出的建议可能受益）的脚本

I had the same issue (taking an existing vim colorscheme with gvim hex colors and filling in the terminal color values). Here's the script I used (although the ColorDist function would probably benefit from a better color distance metric like some of the other posters are suggesting)

import re
import math

colors = {
    '000000':  '16', '00005f':  '17', '000087':  '18', '0000af':  '19', '0000d7':  '20',
    '0000ff':  '21', '005f00':  '22', '005f5f':  '23', '005f87':  '24', '005faf':  '25',
    '005fd7':  '26', '005fff':  '27', '008700':  '28', '00875f':  '29', '008787':  '30',
    '0087af':  '31', '0087d7':  '32', '0087ff':  '33', '00af00':  '34', '00af5f':  '35',
    '00af87':  '36', '00afaf':  '37', '00afd7':  '38', '00afff':  '39', '00d700':  '40',
    '00d75f':  '41', '00d787':  '42', '00d7af':  '43', '00d7d7':  '44', '00d7ff':  '45',
    '00ff00':  '46', '00ff5f':  '47', '00ff87':  '48', '00ffaf':  '49', '00ffd7':  '50',
    '00ffff':  '51', '5f0000':  '52', '5f005f':  '53', '5f0087':  '54', '5f00af':  '55',
    '5f00d7':  '56', '5f00ff':  '57', '5f5f00':  '58', '5f5f5f':  '59', '5f5f87':  '60',
    '5f5faf':  '61', '5f5fd7':  '62', '5f5fff':  '63', '5f8700':  '64', '5f875f':  '65',
    '5f8787':  '66', '5f87af':  '67', '5f87d7':  '68', '5f87ff':  '69', '5faf00':  '70',
    '5faf5f':  '71', '5faf87':  '72', '5fafaf':  '73', '5fafd7':  '74', '5fafff':  '75',
    '5fd700':  '76', '5fd75f':  '77', '5fd787':  '78', '5fd7af':  '79', '5fd7d7':  '80',
    '5fd7ff':  '81', '5fff00':  '82', '5fff5f':  '83', '5fff87':  '84', '5fffaf':  '85',
    '5fffd7':  '86', '5fffff':  '87', '870000':  '88', '87005f':  '89', '870087':  '90',
    '8700af':  '91', '8700d7':  '92', '8700ff':  '93', '875f00':  '94', '875f5f':  '95',
    '875f87':  '96', '875faf':  '97', '875fd7':  '98', '875fff':  '99', '878700': '100',
    '87875f': '101', '878787': '102', '8787af': '103', '8787d7': '104', '8787ff': '105',
    '87af00': '106', '87af5f': '107', '87af87': '108', '87afaf': '109', '87afd7': '110',
    '87afff': '111', '87d700': '112', '87d75f': '113', '87d787': '114', '87d7af': '115',
    '87d7d7': '116', '87d7ff': '117', '87ff00': '118', '87ff5f': '119', '87ff87': '120',
    '87ffaf': '121', '87ffd7': '122', '87ffff': '123', 'af0000': '124', 'af005f': '125',
    'af0087': '126', 'af00af': '127', 'af00d7': '128', 'af00ff': '129', 'af5f00': '130',
    'af5f5f': '131', 'af5f87': '132', 'af5faf': '133', 'af5fd7': '134', 'af5fff': '135',
    'af8700': '136', 'af875f': '137', 'af8787': '138', 'af87af': '139', 'af87d7': '140',
    'af87ff': '141', 'afaf00': '142', 'afaf5f': '143', 'afaf87': '144', 'afafaf': '145',
    'afafd7': '146', 'afafff': '147', 'afd700': '148', 'afd75f': '149', 'afd787': '150',
    'afd7af': '151', 'afd7d7': '152', 'afd7ff': '153', 'afff00': '154', 'afff5f': '155',
    'afff87': '156', 'afffaf': '157', 'afffd7': '158', 'afffff': '159', 'd70000': '160',
    'd7005f': '161', 'd70087': '162', 'd700af': '163', 'd700d7': '164', 'd700ff': '165',
    'd75f00': '166', 'd75f5f': '167', 'd75f87': '168', 'd75faf': '169', 'd75fd7': '170',
    'd75fff': '171', 'd78700': '172', 'd7875f': '173', 'd78787': '174', 'd787af': '175',
    'd787d7': '176', 'd787ff': '177', 'd7af00': '178', 'd7af5f': '179', 'd7af87': '180',
    'd7afaf': '181', 'd7afd7': '182', 'd7afff': '183', 'd7d700': '184', 'd7d75f': '185',
    'd7d787': '186', 'd7d7af': '187', 'd7d7d7': '188', 'd7d7ff': '189', 'd7ff00': '190',
    'd7ff5f': '191', 'd7ff87': '192', 'd7ffaf': '193', 'd7ffd7': '194', 'd7ffff': '195',
    'ff0000': '196', 'ff005f': '197', 'ff0087': '198', 'ff00af': '199', 'ff00d7': '200',
    'ff00ff': '201', 'ff5f00': '202', 'ff5f5f': '203', 'ff5f87': '204', 'ff5faf': '205',
    'ff5fd7': '206', 'ff5fff': '207', 'ff8700': '208', 'ff875f': '209', 'ff8787': '210',
    'ff87af': '211', 'ff87d7': '212', 'ff87ff': '213', 'ffaf00': '214', 'ffaf5f': '215',
    'ffaf87': '216', 'ffafaf': '217', 'ffafd7': '218', 'ffafff': '219', 'ffd700': '220',
    'ffd75f': '221', 'ffd787': '222', 'ffd7af': '223', 'ffd7d7': '224', 'ffd7ff': '225',
    'ffff00': '226', 'ffff5f': '227', 'ffff87': '228', 'ffffaf': '229', 'ffffd7': '230',
    'ffffff': '231', '080808': '232', '121212': '233', '1c1c1c': '234', '262626': '235',
    '303030': '236', '3a3a3a': '237', '444444': '238', '4e4e4e': '239', '585858': '240',
    '626262': '241', '6c6c6c': '242', '767676': '243', '808080': '244', '8a8a8a': '245',
    '949494': '246', '9e9e9e': '247', 'a8a8a8': '248', 'b2b2b2': '249', 'bcbcbc': '250',
    'c6c6c6': '251', 'd0d0d0': '252', 'dadada': '253', 'e4e4e4': '254', 'eeeeee': '255',
}

## Example line from a vim colorscheme file
##hi Normal          ctermfg=NONE ctermbg=NONE gui=NONE guifg=#b7af9f guibg=#202020

def Decompose(hexval):
    return float(int(hexval[0:2], 16)), float(int(hexval[2:4], 16)), float(int(hexval[4:6], 16))

def Normalize(r, g, b):
    magsqr = r*r + g*g + b*b
    if magsqr < 0.0001:
        return 0.0, 0.0, 0.0
    n = 1.0 / math.sqrt(magsqr)
    return r*n, g*n, b*n

def ColorDist(c1, c2):
    c1r, c1g, c1b = Decompose(c1)
    c2r, c2g, c2b = Decompose(c2)

    dr = c1r - c2r
    dg = c1g - c2g
    db = c1b - c2b
    return dr*dr + dg*dg + db*db

def BestMatch(hexval):
    best = None
    bestdist = 0.0
    for key in colors.keys():
        dist = ColorDist(hexval, key)
        if best is None or dist < bestdist:
            best = colors[key]
            bestdist = dist
    return best

##                  1   2             3   4        5      6
fg = re.compile(r'^(.*)(ctermfg=)NONE(.*)(guifg=#)([^ ]*)(.*)\n$')
bg = re.compile(r'^(.*)(ctermbg=)NONE(.*)(guibg=#)([^ ]*)(.*)\n$')

with open(r'input_color_scheme.vim', 'r') as f:
    with open(r'output_color_scheme.vim', 'w') as fout:
        for line in f.readlines():
            fgmatch = fg.match(line)
            if fgmatch is not None:
                line = (fgmatch.group(1) +
                        fgmatch.group(2) +
                        BestMatch(fgmatch.group(5)) + 
                        fgmatch.group(3) +
                        fgmatch.group(4) +
                        fgmatch.group(5) +
                        fgmatch.group(6)) + '\n'

            bgmatch = bg.match(line)
            if bgmatch is not None:
                line = (bgmatch.group(1) +
                        bgmatch.group(2) +
                        BestMatch(bgmatch.group(5)) + 
                        bgmatch.group(3) +
                        bgmatch.group(4) +
                        bgmatch.group(5) +
                        bgmatch.group(6) + '\n')

            ## -- print the line
            fout.write(line)

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