在PowerShell版本2中将字符串转换为字节数组 [英] Convert a string to a byte array in PowerShell version 2
问题描述
我想要做的是使用SHA1 UTF-8加密，然后使用base64编码和密码字符串值。然而，我需要先进行加密，然后再进行编码，然后再进行编码。但是我以其他方式做了。
What I'm trying to do is use SHA1 UTF-8 encryption and then base64 encoding and on a password string value. However, I needed to do the encryption first, then the encoding, but I did it the other way around.
这里是代码：
# Create Input Data
$enc = [system.Text.Encoding]::UTF8
$string1 = "This is a string to hash"
$data1 = $enc.GetBytes($string1)
# Create a New SHA1 Crypto Provider
$sha = New-Object System.Security.Cryptography.SHA1CryptoServiceProvider
$# Now hash and display results
$result1 = $sha.ComputeHash($data1)
所以，当我去做哈希，我意识到我不得不从字符串一个字节[]，我不知道如何做到这一点。我认为有一个简单的方法从.Net库，但找不到一个例子。
So, when I went to do the hashing I realized I had to have a byte[] from the string and I'm not sure how to do that. I'm thinking there is a simple way from the .Net libraries, but couldn't find an example.
所以如果我有一个字符串，如：
So if I have a string, like:
$string = "password"
如何将它转换成我可以使用的字节数组:: ComputeHash（$ string）？
How do I convert that into a byte array that I can use on :: ComputeHash($string)?
所以我必须结束它是一个加密的SHA-1和基本64编码的UTF-8密码，上面的代码是，但是它回到不同于当我在java中编码这个相同的东西时，我先加密它，然后将其转换为基础64编码。
So what I have to end up with is an encrypted SHA-1 and base 64 encoded UTF-8 password, which the code above does, but it's coming back different than when I coded this same thing in java, where I encrypted it first, then converted that result to base 64 encoding.
我假设在api不支持直接加密字符串的情况下，可能会有一些解决方法，可以让您做这个。这是我试图做的。
所以我假设我的问题的代码是，我必须先加密，然后编码它得到正确的价值。
So I'm assuming my issue with the code is that I had to encrypt it first and then encode it to get the correct value. Correct or am I missing something here?
以下是相关的java代码：
//First method call uses a swing component to get the user entered password.
String password = getPassword();
//This line is where the work starts with the second and third methods below.
String hashed = byteToBase64(getHash(password));
//The second method call here gets the encryption.
public static byte[] getHash(String password) {
MessageDigest digest = null;
byte[] input = null;
try {
digest = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-1");
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
digest.reset();
try {
input = digest.digest(password.getBytes("UTF-8"));
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return input;
}
//Then the third method call here gets the encoding, FROM THE ENCRYPTED STRING.
public static String byteToBase64(byte[] data){
return new String(Base64.encodeBase64(data));
当我使用密码字符串password运行java代码时，我得到
When I run the java code with the password string of "password" I get
[91，-86，97，-28，-55，-71，63，63，6，-126，37，11，108，-8,51,27,126 ，-26，-113，-40]
这是加密。
[91, -86, 97, -28, -55, -71, 63, 63, 6, -126, 37, 11, 108, -8, 51, 27, 126, -26, -113, -40] which is the encryption.
然后我在java中的编码时我得到这个：
W6ph5Mm5Pz8GgiULbPgzG37mj9g =
Then I when the encoding in java I get this: W6ph5Mm5Pz8GgiULbPgzG37mj9g=
但是当我在PowerShell中运行我得到这个，因为它首先编码为UTF8：
but when I run it in PowerShell I get this because it's encoded first for UTF8:
91 170 97 228 201 185 63 63 6 130 37 11 108 248 51 27 126 230 143 216
91 170 97 228 201 185 63 63 6 130 37 11 108 248 51 27 126 230 143 216
然后，当我运行这行代码来转换它，我得到一个错误：
Then when I run this line of code to convert it I get an error:
$base64 = [System.Convert]::FromBase64String($result)
异常调用FromBase64String与1参数：Base-64字符数组的长度无效。
在行：1 char：45
但是，如果我运行新的代码行，使其从下面的十六进制得到： / p>
However, if I run the new line of code to make it hex from below I get:
$hexResult = [String]::Join("", ($result | % { "{0:X2}" -f $_}))
PS C:\Program Files (x86)\PowerGUI> Write-Host $hexResult
5BAA61E4C9B93F3F0682250B6CF8331B7EE68FD8
5BAA61E4C9B93F3F0682250B6CF8331B7EE68FD8
但我需要得到这个值：
W6ph5Mm5Pz8GgiULbPgzG37mj9g =
，这可能甚至不可能做，但我正在努力寻找一个解决方案。
Again, this may not even be possible to do, but I'm trying to find a work-around to see.
推荐答案
你很可能只需要在最后一行之后将哈希转换为base64。
You most likely just need to convert your hash to base64 after the last line.
$enc = [system.Text.Encoding]::UTF8
$string1 = "This is a string to hash"
$data1 = $enc.GetBytes($string1)
# Create a New SHA1 Crypto Provider
$sha = New-Object System.Security.Cryptography.SHA1CryptoServiceProvider
# Now hash and display results
$result1 = $sha.ComputeHash($data1)
[System.Convert]::ToBase64String($result1)
文本 - >字节 - >加密/哈希 - > Base64
Text->Bytes->Encrypt/Hash->Base64
这是一个非常的普通模式，用于发送e以文本格式加密的数据。
That's a very common pattern for sending encrypted data in a text format.
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