Gem文件不会更新或与捆绑软件一起安装 [英] Gem File won't update or install with bundler

问题描述

我正在研究Michael Hartl的RoR教程。我在第3章。不幸的是，复制和粘贴gem文件对我不起作用，但我找出了哪个gem是问题。这是水豚宝石。我已经评论过了，继续了教程，但我已经到了需要使用gem的地步。

这是一个示例$ bundle update给我一个错误：

  $ bundle update 
从https：//rubygems.org / ....获取gem元数据..... 
 
（删除了一堆文本）
 
使用系统库构建nokogiri。 
 
 Gem :: Installer :: ExtensionBuildError：错误：无法构建gem本机扩展。 
 
 /Users/dbz/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p481/bin/ruby extconf.rb --use-system-libraries 
使用系统库构建nokogiri。 
 libxml2版本2.6.21或更高版本是必需的！ 
 *** extconf.rb失败*** 
由于某些原因无法创建Makefile，可能缺少必要的
库和/或头文件。检查mkmf.log文件以获取更多详细信息。您可能
需要配置选项。 
 
（删除了一堆文本）
 
 
 Gem文件将保留安装在/Users/dbz/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481 /gems/nokogiri-1.6.3.1进行检查。 
记录到/Users/dbz/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/nokogiri-1.6.3.1/ext/nokogiri/gem_make.out 
的结果安装nokogiri时发生错误（1.6.3.1），并且Bundler不能
继续。 
在捆绑之前确保`gem install nokogiri -v'1.6.3.1'`成功。 
  

我尝试去nokogiri网站并解决问题，但是当我尝试更新缺失的库时（错误的早期部分），我的机器说我已经有了它们。

这是我的Gemfile：

  source'https：// rubygems.org'
 ruby​​'2.0.0'
＃ruby-gemset = railstutorial_rails_4_0 
 
 gem'rails'，'4.0.8'
 
 group：development，：test do 
 gem'sqlite3'，'1.3.8'
 gem'rspec-rails'，'2.13.1'
 end 
 
 group：test do 
 gem'selenium-webdriver'，'2.35.1'
 #gem'capybara'，'2.1.0'＃这行代码打破了所有
结束
 
 gem'sass-rails'，'4.0.1'
 gem'uglifier'，'2.1.1'
 gem'coffee-rails'，'4.0.1'
 gem 'jquery-rails'，'3.0.4'
 gem'turbolinks'，'1.1.1'
 gem'jbuilder'，'1.0.2'
 
 group：doc do 
 gem'sdoc'，'0.3.20'，要求：false 
 end 
 
 group：production do 
 gem'pg'，'0.15.1' 
 gem'rails_12factor'，'0.0.2'
 end 
  

编辑：从 http://nokogiri.org/tutorials/installing_nokogiri.html 安装页面

我遵循了所有步骤，并在最后一步，我需要运行命令

  gem install nokogiri  -   - -with-xml2-include = / usr / local / Cellar / libxml2 / 2.7.8 / include / libxml2 
 --with-xml2-lib = / usr / local / Cellar / libxml2 / 2.7.8 / lib 
 --with-xslt-dir = / usr / local / Cellar / libxslt / 1.1.26 
 --with-iconv-include = / usr / local / Cellar / libiconv / 1.13.1 / include 
 --with-iconv-lib = / usr / local / Cellar / libiconv / 1.13.1 / lib 
  

我的控制台的输出是：

  Daniels-MacBook-Air：libiconv-1.13.1 dbz $ pwd 
 /Users/dbz/libiconv-1.13.1 
 Daniels-MacBook-Air：libiconv-1.13.1 dbz $ gem install nokogiri  -  --with-xml2- include = / usr / local / Cellar / libxml2 / 2.7.8 / include / libxml2 
 --with-xml2-lib = / usr / local / Cellar / libxml2 / 2.7.8 / lib 
 --with-xslt-dir = / usr / local / Cellar / libxslt / 1.1.26 
 --with-iconv-include = / usr / local / Cellar / libiconv / 1.13.1 / include 
 --with-iconv-lib = / usr / local / Cellar / libiconv / 1.13.1 / lib 
使用以下命令构建本地扩展：'--with-xml2- include = / usr / local / Cellar / libxml2 / 2.7.8 / include / libxml2'
这可能需要一段时间... 
 Building nokogiri使用打包库。 
错误：安装nokogiri时出错：
错误：无法构建gem原生扩展。 
 
 /Users/dbz/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p481/bin/ruby extconf.rb --with-xml2- include = / usr / local / Cellar / libxml2 / 2.7 .8 / include / libxml2 
使用打包的库构建nokogiri。 
 ----- 
 libiconv丢失。请访问http://nokogiri.org/tutorials/installing_nokogiri.html获取安装依赖关系的帮助。 
 ----- 
 *** extconf.rb失败*** 
由于某种原因无法创建Makefile，可能缺少必要的
库和/或头文件。检查mkmf.log文件以获取更多详细信息。您可能
需要配置选项。 
 
提供的配置选项：
 --with-opt-dir 
 --with-opt-include 
 --without-opt-include = $ {opt- dir} / include 
 --with-opt-lib 
 --without-opt-lib = $ {opt-dir} / lib 
 --with-make-prog 
 --without-make-prog 
 --srcdir =。 
 --curdir 
 --ruby = / Users / dbz / .rvm / rubies / ruby​​-2.0.0-p481 / bin / ruby​​ 
 --help 
 --clean 
 --use-system-libraries 
 --enable-static 
 --disable-static 
 --with-zlib-dir 
 --without-zlib- dir 
 --with-zlib-include 
 --without-zlib-include = $ {zlib-dir} / include 
 --with-zlib-lib 
 --without -zlib-lib = $ {zlib-dir} / lib 
  - 启用交叉编译
  - 禁用交叉编译
 
 
 Gem文件将保持安装在/Users/dbz/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481@railstutorial_rails_4_0/gems/nokogiri-1.6.3.1进行检查。 
结果记录到/Users/dbz/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481@railstutorial_rails_4_0/gems/nokogiri-1.6.3.1/ext/nokogiri/gem_make.out 
 Daniels-MacBook- Air：libiconv-1.13.1 dbz $ --with-xml2-lib = / usr / local / Cellar / libxml2 / 2.7.8 / lib 
 -bash：--with-xml2-lib = / usr / local /Cellar/libxml2/2.7.8/lib：没有这样的文件或目录
 Daniels-MacBook -Air：libiconv-1.13.1 dbz $ --with-xslt-dir = / usr / local / Cellar / libxslt / 1.1.26 
 -bash：--with-xslt-dir = / usr / local / Cellar / libxslt / 1.1.26：没有这样的文件或目录
 Daniels-MacBook-Air：libiconv-1.13。 1 dbz $ --with-iconv-include = / usr / local / Cellar / libiconv / 1.13.1 / include 
 -bash：--with-iconv-include = / usr / local / Cellar / libiconv / 1.13 .1 / include：没有这样的文件或目录
 Daniels-MacBook -Air：libiconv-1.13.1 dbz $ --with-iconv-lib = / usr / local / Cellar / libiconv / 1.13.1 / lib 
 -bash：--with-iconv-lib = / usr / local / Cellar / libiconv / 1.13.1 / lib：没有这样的文件或d irectory 
  

解决方案

我找到了一个解决方案：

  gem install nokogiri  -  --use-system-libraries = true --with-xml2-include = / Applications / Xcode.app / Contents / Developer / Platforms / MacOSX.platform / Developer / SDKs / MacOSX10.9.sdk / usr / include / libxml2 
  

发自： Nokogiri'无法构建gem原生扩展'当我运行bundle install时

消息来源： https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1099#issuecomment-43023208

I'm working on Michael Hartl's RoR tutorials. I'm on chapter 3. Unfortunately, copy and pasting the gem files won't work for me, but I figured out which gem is the problem. It's the capybara gem. I've commented it out and continued the tutorial, but I'm at the point where I need to use the gem.

Here is an example $bundle update giving me an error:

$ bundle update
Fetching gem metadata from https://rubygems.org/.........

(Removed a bunch of text)

Building nokogiri using system libraries.

Gem::Installer::ExtensionBuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    /Users/dbz/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p481/bin/ruby extconf.rb --use-system-libraries
Building nokogiri using system libraries.
libxml2 version 2.6.21 or later is required!
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.

(Removed a bunch of text)


Gem files will remain installed in /Users/dbz/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/nokogiri-1.6.3.1 for inspection.
Results logged to /Users/dbz/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/nokogiri-1.6.3.1/ext/nokogiri/gem_make.out
An error occurred while installing nokogiri (1.6.3.1), and Bundler cannot
continue.
Make sure that `gem install nokogiri -v '1.6.3.1'` succeeds before bundling.

I tried going to the nokogiri website and fixing the problem, but when I try to update the missing libraries (an earlier part of the error), my machine says I already have them.

Here is my Gemfile:

source 'https://rubygems.org'
ruby '2.0.0'
#ruby-gemset=railstutorial_rails_4_0

gem 'rails', '4.0.8'

group :development, :test do
  gem 'sqlite3', '1.3.8'
  gem 'rspec-rails', '2.13.1'
end

group :test do
  gem 'selenium-webdriver', '2.35.1'
  #gem 'capybara', '2.1.0'   # This line breaks everything
end

gem 'sass-rails', '4.0.1'
gem 'uglifier', '2.1.1'
gem 'coffee-rails', '4.0.1'
gem 'jquery-rails', '3.0.4'
gem 'turbolinks', '1.1.1'
gem 'jbuilder', '1.0.2'

group :doc do
  gem 'sdoc', '0.3.20', require: false
end

group :production do
  gem 'pg', '0.15.1'
  gem 'rails_12factor', '0.0.2'
end

EDIT: From the http://nokogiri.org/tutorials/installing_nokogiri.html install page

I followed all of the steps and at the final step where I need to run the command

gem install nokogiri -- --with-xml2-include=/usr/local/Cellar/libxml2/2.7.8/include/libxml2 
                    --with-xml2-lib=/usr/local/Cellar/libxml2/2.7.8/lib 
                    --with-xslt-dir=/usr/local/Cellar/libxslt/1.1.26 
                    --with-iconv-include=/usr/local/Cellar/libiconv/1.13.1/include 
                    --with-iconv-lib=/usr/local/Cellar/libiconv/1.13.1/lib

The output from my console is:

Daniels-MacBook-Air:libiconv-1.13.1 dbz$ pwd
/Users/dbz/libiconv-1.13.1
Daniels-MacBook-Air:libiconv-1.13.1 dbz$ gem install nokogiri -- --with-xml2-    include=/usr/local/Cellar/libxml2/2.7.8/include/libxml2 
                    --with-xml2-lib=/usr/local/Cellar/libxml2/2.7.8/lib 
                    --with-xslt-dir=/usr/local/Cellar/libxslt/1.1.26 
                    --with-iconv-include=/usr/local/Cellar/libiconv/1.13.1/include 
                    --with-iconv-lib=/usr/local/Cellar/libiconv/1.13.1/lib
Building native extensions with: '--with-xml2-    include=/usr/local/Cellar/libxml2/2.7.8/include/libxml2'
This could take a while...
Building nokogiri using packaged libraries.
ERROR:  Error installing nokogiri:
    ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    /Users/dbz/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p481/bin/ruby extconf.rb --with-xml2-    include=/usr/local/Cellar/libxml2/2.7.8/include/libxml2
Building nokogiri using packaged libraries.
-----
libiconv is missing.  please visit     http://nokogiri.org/tutorials/installing_nokogiri.html for help with installing dependencies.
-----
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
    --with-opt-dir
    --with-opt-include
    --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
    --with-opt-lib
    --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
    --with-make-prog
    --without-make-prog
    --srcdir=.
    --curdir
    --ruby=/Users/dbz/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p481/bin/ruby
    --help
    --clean
    --use-system-libraries
    --enable-static
    --disable-static
    --with-zlib-dir
    --without-zlib-dir
    --with-zlib-include
    --without-zlib-include=${zlib-dir}/include
    --with-zlib-lib
    --without-zlib-lib=${zlib-dir}/lib
    --enable-cross-build
    --disable-cross-build


Gem files will remain installed in /Users/dbz/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481@railstutorial_rails_4_0/gems/nokogiri-1.6.3.1 for inspection.
Results logged to /Users/dbz/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481@railstutorial_rails_4_0/gems/nokogiri-1.6.3.1/ext/nokogiri/gem_make.out
Daniels-MacBook-Air:libiconv-1.13.1 dbz$                         --with-xml2-lib=/usr/local/Cellar/libxml2/2.7.8/lib 
-bash: --with-xml2-lib=/usr/local/Cellar/libxml2/2.7.8/lib: No such file or directory
Daniels-MacBook-Air:libiconv-1.13.1 dbz$                         --with-xslt-dir=/usr/local/Cellar/libxslt/1.1.26 
-bash: --with-xslt-dir=/usr/local/Cellar/libxslt/1.1.26: No such file or directory
Daniels-MacBook-Air:libiconv-1.13.1 dbz$                         --with-iconv-include=/usr/local/Cellar/libiconv/1.13.1/include 
-bash: --with-iconv-include=/usr/local/Cellar/libiconv/1.13.1/include: No such file or directory
Daniels-MacBook-Air:libiconv-1.13.1 dbz$                         --with-iconv-lib=/usr/local/Cellar/libiconv/1.13.1/lib
-bash: --with-iconv-lib=/usr/local/Cellar/libiconv/1.13.1/lib: No such file or directory

解决方案

I found a solution that worked:

gem install nokogiri -- --use-system-libraries=true --with-xml2-include=/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.9.sdk/usr/include/libxml2

From: Nokogiri 'Failed to build gem native extension' when I run bundle install

Source's source: https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1099#issuecomment-43023208

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