通过git钩子执行python子进程 [英] Executing python subprocess via git hook

问题描述

我在Git仓库上运行Gitolite，并在Python中使用后接收钩子。我需要在git repository目录下执行git命令。有几行代码：

  proc = subprocess.Popen（['git'，'log'，'-n1' ]，cwd ='/ home / git / repos / testing.git'stdout = subprocess.PIPE，stderr = subprocess.PIPE）
 proc.communicate（）
  

完成新的提交并将其推送到资源库后，脚本会执行并说

  fatal：不是git仓库：'。'
  

如果我运行

pre $ proc = subprocess.Popen（['pwd']，cwd ='/ home / git / repos / testing.git'stdout = subprocess。 PIPE，stderr = subprocess.PIPE）

正如预期的那样， home / git / repos / testing.git）

如果我从bash手动运行这个脚本，它能正常工作并显示正确的git log输出。我做错了什么？

解决方案

您可以尝试使用命令行开关设置git存储库：

  proc = subprocess.Popen（['git'，'--git-dir'，'/ home / git / repos / testing。 git'，'log'，'-n1']，stdout = subprocess.PIPE，stderr = subprocess.PIPE）
  

$ b $在工作树中需要指向一个实际的git目录（ .git ） ）。请注意，对于某些命令，您也需要设置 - 工作树选项。

设置目录的另一种方式是使用 GIT_DIR 环境变量：

  import os 
 env = os.environ.copy（）
 env ['GIT_DIR'] ='/home/git/repos/testing.git'
 proc = subprocess。 Popen（（['git'，'log'，'-n1'，stdout = subprocess.PIPE，stderr = subprocess.PIPE，env = env）
  

很显然，钩子已经设置了 GIT_DIR 但显然这对您的情况不正确（可能是相对的）;上面的代码设置它到一个完整的，明确的路径。

请参阅 git 手册页。

编辑：显然它只适用于OP时指定一个cwd和重写 GIT_DIR var：

  import os 
 repo ='/ home / git / rep os / testing.git'
 env = os.environ.copy（）
 env ['GIT_DIR'] = repo 
 proc = subprocess.Popen（（['git'，'log' ，'-n1'，stdout = subprocess.PIPE，stderr = subprocess.PIPE，env = env，cwd = repo）
  

I'm running Gitolite over the Git repository and I have post-receive hook there written in Python. I need to execute "git" command at git repository directory. There are few lines of code:

proc = subprocess.Popen(['git', 'log', '-n1'], cwd='/home/git/repos/testing.git' stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
proc.communicate()

After I make new commit and push to repository, scripts executes and says

fatal: Not a git repository: '.'

If I run

proc = subprocess.Popen(['pwd'], cwd='/home/git/repos/testing.git' stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)

it says, as expected, correct path to git repository (/home/git/repos/testing.git)

If I run this script manually from bash, it works correct and show correct output of "git log". What I'm doing wrong?

解决方案

You could try to set the git repository using a command-line switch:

proc = subprocess.Popen(['git', '--git-dir', '/home/git/repos/testing.git', 'log', '-n1'], stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)

--git-dir needs to point to an actual git directory (.git in a working tree). Note that for some commands you also need to set a --work-tree option too.

Another way to set the directory is using the GIT_DIR environment variable:

import os
env = os.environ.copy()
env['GIT_DIR'] = '/home/git/repos/testing.git'
proc = subprocess.Popen((['git', 'log', '-n1', stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, env=env)

Apparently hooks already set GIT_DIR but obviously this is incorrect for your case (it could be relative); the above code sets it to a full, explicit path.

See the git manpage.

Edit: Apparently it only works for the OP when specifying both a cwd and overriding the GIT_DIR var:

import os
repo = '/home/git/repos/testing.git'
env = os.environ.copy()
env['GIT_DIR'] = repo
proc = subprocess.Popen((['git', 'log', '-n1', stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, env=env, cwd=repo)

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