部署Rails应用程序Heroku保持崩溃 [英] Deploying Rails App to Heroku Keeps Crashing

问题描述

这个答案似乎已经以各种方式回答，但没有一个看起来符合我的确切问题。我正在使用来自RailsApps的应用程序 https://github.com/RailsApps/rails-devise-pundit

该应用程序在我的本地Ubuntu 14.04机器上完美工作，但是当我将其部署到Heroku时，我的应用程序应该在页面上出现应用程序错误已经开始。我运行'heroku日志'，但无法确定具体问题是什么。以下是我的日志以及我的Gem文件。任何帮助将不胜感激。

这是我的记录

$ c> 2014-07-23T07：01：02.819470 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies .rb：241：`load'
2014-07-23T07：01：02.819467 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/activesupport -4.1.4 / lib / active_support / dependencies.rb：241：在`block in load'中
2014-07-23T07：01：02.819544 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from / app / vendor /ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:347:in`block in each_strongly_connected_component'
2014-07-23T07：01：02.819471 + 00：00 app [web.1] ：从/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/engine.rb:648:in`block in load_config_initializer'
2014-07-23T07：01 ：02.819499 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from /app/vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:427:in`each_strongly_connected_component_from'
2014-07 -23T07：01：02.819476 + 00：00 app [web.1]：从/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/r ailties-4.1.4 / lib / rails / engine.rb：647：in`load_config_initializer'
2014-07-23T07：01：02.819485 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from / app / vendor / bundle / ruby​​ / 2.1.0 / gems / railties-4.1.4 / lib / rails / initializable.rb：30：在`instance_exec'
2014-07-23T07：01：02.819488 + 00：00 app [web .1]：from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in`run'
2014-07-23T07： 01：02.819497 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from /app/vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:418:in`block（2 levels）in each_strongly_connected_component_from'
2014-07-23T07：01：02.819550 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from /app/vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:345：在`call'
2014-07-23T07：01：02.819553 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from /app/vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort。 rb：224：在`tsort_each'
2014-07-23T07：01：02.819551 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from /app/vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1。 0 / tsort.rb：345：在`each_strongly_connected_component'
2014-07-23T07：01：02.819554 + 00：00 app [web.1]： from /app/vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:205:in`tsort_each'
2014-07-23T07：01：02.819559 + 00：00 app [web .1]：从/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/application.rb:300:in`initialize！'
2014-07-23T07 ：01：02.819560 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from /app/config/environment.rb:5:in`< top（required）>'
2014-07-23T07：01： 02.819564 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from config.ru:4:in`require'
2014-07-23T07：01：02.819569 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from / app /vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/rack-1.5.2/lib/rack/builder.rb:55:in`instance_eval'
2014-07-23T07：01：02.819570 + 00：00 app [web.1]：从/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/rack-1.5.2/lib/rack/builder.rb:55:in`initialize'
2014-07 -23T07：01：02.819574 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from config.ru:1:in`new'
2014-07-23T07：01：02.819566 + 00：00 app [web.1 ]：from config.ru:4:in`block in< main>'
2014-07-23T07：01：02.819511 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from / app / vendor / ruby​​- 2.1.2 / LIB /红宝石/ 2。 1.0 / tsort.rb：411：在`each_strongly_connected_component_from'
2014-07-23T07：01：02.819482 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/ gems / railties-4.1.4 / lib / rails / engine.rb：611：在`each'
2014-07-23T07：01：02.819580 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from / app / vendor / bundle / ruby​​ / 2.1.0 / gems / unicorn-4.8.3 / lib / unicorn.rb：48：在`block in builder'中
2014-07-23T07：01：02.819583 + 00：00 app [web.1]：从/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/unicorn-4.8.3/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:764:in`call'
2014-07- 23T07：01：02。
819575 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from config.ru:1:in`< main>'
2014-07-23T07：01：02.819584 + 00：00 app [web .1]：从/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/unicorn-4.8.3/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:764:in`build_app！'
2014-07-23T07 ：01：02.819589 + 00：00 app [web.1]：从/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/unicorn-4.8.3/bin/unicorn:126:in`< top（必填项）>'
2014-07-23T07：01：02.819612 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/bin/unicorn:23:in` < main>'
2014-07-23T07：01：02.819578 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/unicorn-4.8.3 /lib/unicorn.rb:48:in`eval'
2014-07-23T07：01：02.819557 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0 /gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/initializable.rb:54:in`run_initializers'
2014-07-23T07：01：02.819494 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from / app /vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:348:in`each_strongly_connected_component'中的块（2级）'
2014-07-23T07：01：02。 819546 + 00：00 app [web.1]：从/app/vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:345:in`each'
2014-07- 23T07：01：02.819587 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/unicorn-4.8.3/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:137:in`开始'
2014-07-23T07：01：02.819611 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/bin/unicorn:23:in`load'
2014-07-23T07：01：04.031160 + 00：00 heroku [web.1]：状态从开始变为崩溃
2014-07-23T07：01：04.733648 + 00：00 heroku [router ]：at = error code = H10 desc =App crashedmethod = GET path =/host = cfilink.herokuapp.com request_id = 86caffee-16f4-4f06-a6d8-7930d96c7135 fwd =54.237.152.106dyno = connect = service = status = 503字节=
2014-07-23T07：01：04.020673 + 00：00 heroku [web.1]：进程退出状态1
2014-07-23T07：01：00.263828 +00：00 heroku [web.1]：用命令`bundle exec unicorn -p 5019 -c。/ config / unicorn.rb`启动进程
2014-07-23T07：01：17.938391 + 00：00 heroku [router]：at =错误代码= H10 desc =A pp crashedmethod = GET path =/host = cfilink.herokuapp.com request_id = 96c1bf22-04ca-408b-b2c5-6a6282763eb2 fwd =99.169.168.250dyno = connect = service = status = 503 bytes =
2014-07-23T07：01：21.119579 + 00：00 heroku [router]：at = error code = H10 desc =App crashedmethod = GET path =/host = cfilink.herokuapp.com request_id = 14e4d82e- c91f-49eb-bd81-d689e6f0f75a fwd =99.169.168.250dyno = connect = service = status = 503 bytes =
2014-07-23T07：01：22.528876 + 00：00 heroku [router]：at = error code = H10 desc =App crashedmethod = GET path =/host = cfilink.herokuapp.com request_id = 343a0401-da9f-4ec6-99a1-70489632e40b fwd =99.169.168.250dyno = connect = service = status = 503 bytes =
2014-07-23T07：01：24.008236 + 00：00 heroku [router]：at = error code = H10 desc =App crashedmethod = GET path =/host = cfilink.herokuapp .com request_id = 47981f94-e284-4b18-bec2-282f656e5289 fwd =99.169.168.250dyno = connect = service = status = 503 bytes =
2014-07-23T07：01：25.044701 + 00：00 heroku [路由器]：at =错误代码= H10 desc =应用程序c rashedmethod = GET path =/host = cfilink.herokuapp.co
m request_id = 56593500-3931-4e5f-a44d-1b65879dff76 fwd =99.169.168.250dyno = connect = service = status = 503 bytes =
2014-07-23T07：01：27.515189 + 00：00 heroku [router]：at = error code = H10 desc =App crashedmethod = GET path =/host = cfilink.herokuapp.com request_id = d7b8d1b8-272a-4f05-b962-88e74fb27647 fwd =99.169.168.250dyno = connect = service = status = 503 bytes =
2014-07-23T07：01：29.495853 + 00：00 heroku [router]： at = error code = H10 desc =App crashedmethod = GET path =/host = cfilink.herokuapp.com request_id = 15f0a28d-9d90-4114-bdc2-86ced1502757 fwd =99.169.168.250dyno = connect = service = status = 503 bytes =
2014-07-23T07：01：52.893456 + 00：00 heroku [router]：at = error code = H10 desc =App crashedmethod = GET path =/host = cfilink.herokuapp.com request_id = 08f79ef3-8a34-4098-856e-6a841bbc9214 fwd =99.169.168.250dyno = connect = service = status = 503 bytes =
2014-07-23T07：08：27.346505 + 00： 00 heroku [web.1]：从坠毁的t改变为状态o开始
2014-07-23T07：08：32.470674 + 00：00 app [web.1]：I，[2014-07-23T07：08：32.470553＃2] INFO - ：刷新宝石列表
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337873 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from /app/config/initializers/devise.rb:13:in`block in< top（required）>'
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337880 + 00：00应用[web.1]：从/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies .rb：241：`load'
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337886 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/activesupport -4.1.4 / lib / active_support / dependencies.rb：241：在`load'中
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337893 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from / app / vendor / bundle /ruby/2.1.0/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/engine.rb:647:in`load_config_initializer'
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337883 + 00：00 app [web。 1]：from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:232:in`load_dependency'
2014-07-23T07：08 ：33.337888 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from / app / vendor / bu ndle / ruby​​ / 2.1.0 / gems / railties-4.1.4 / lib / rails / engine.rb：648：在`block in load_config_initializer'
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337922 + 00：00 app [web.1]：从/app/vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:348:in'block（2 levels）in each_strongly_connected_component'
2014-07- 23T07：08：33.337926 + 00：00 app [web.1]：从/app/vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:417:in`block in each_strongly_connected_component_from'
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337865 + 00：00 app [web.1]：/app/config/initializers/devise.rb:13:in`+'：不隐式将nil转换为String（TypeError）
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337889 + 00：00应用[web.1]：从/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/ notifications.rb：161：`instrument'
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337894 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/在< class：Engine>'
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337918 + 00：00应用程序中的'block（2 levels）中，railties-4.1.4 / lib / rails / engine.rb： web.1]：从/ app / vendor / ruby​​-2.1.2 / lib / ruby​​ / 2.1.0 / tsort.rb：226：在`block in tsort_each'
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337876 + 00：00 app [web.1 ]：from /app/config/initializers/devise.rb:3:in`< top（required）>'
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337881 + 00：00 app [web.1] ：from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:241:in`block in load'
2014-07-23T07：08 ：33.337940 + 00：00 app [web.1]：从/app/vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:345:in`call'
2014-07 -23T07：08：33.337874 + 00：00 app [web.1]：从/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/devise-3.2.4/lib/devise.rb:288:in`setup '
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337898 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails /engine.rb:611:in`each'
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337929 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems /railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/initializable.rb:44:in`tsort_each_child'
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337932 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from / app / ve ndor / ruby​​-2.1.2 / lib / ruby​​ / 2.1.0 / tsort.rb：411：在`call'
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337900 + 00：00 app [web.1]： from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/engine.rb:611:in`block in< class：Engine>'
2014-07 -23T07：08：33.337905 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/ra
ilties-4.1.4 / lib / rails / initializable。 rb：30：'run'
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337908 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/railties- 4.1.4 / lib / rails / initializable.rb：55：在`block in run_initializers'
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337923 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from / app / vendor / ruby-2.1.2 / lib / ruby​​ / 2.1.0 / tsort.rb：418：在`block（2 levels）in each_strongly_connected_component_from'
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337935 + 00：00 app [web .1]：从/app/vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:347:in`block in each_strongly_connected_component'
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337936+ 00:00 app [web.1]：从/app/vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:345:in`ea ch'
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337903 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/ rails / initializable.rb：30：`instance_exec'
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337925 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from /app/vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ ruby / 2.1.0 / tsort.rb：427：in`each_strongly_connected_component_from'
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337927 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from / app / vendor / bundle / ruby​​ / 2.1.0 / gems / railties-4.1.4 / lib / rails / initializable.rb：44：在`each'
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337953 + 00：00 app [web.1]： from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/initializable.rb:54:in`run_initializers'
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337934+ 00:00 app [web.1]：from /app/vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:411:in`each_strongly_connected_component_from'
2014-07-23T07： 08：33.337946 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from /app/vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:224:in`tsort_each'
2014- 07-23T07：08：33.337943 + 00：00 app [web.1]：从/app/vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/r uby / 2.1.0 / tsort.rb：345：在'each_strongly_connected_component'
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337979 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from / app / vendor / bundle / ruby​​ / 2.1.0 / gems / rack-1.5.2 / lib / rack / builder.rb：55：in`instance_eval'
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337954 + 00：00 app [web.1]： from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/application.rb:300:in`initialize！'
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337974 +00：00 app [web.1]：from config.ru:4:in`require'
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337982 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from config.ru ：1：`new'
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337972 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from /app/config/environment.rb:5:in`< top（必填项）>'
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337950 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from /app/vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort。 rb：205：在'tsort_each'
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337978 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from config.ru:4:in`block in< main>'
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337984 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from config.ru:1:in`< main>'
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337981+ 0 0:00 app [web.1]：从/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/rack-1.5.2/lib/rack/builder.rb:55:in`initialize'
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337986 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/unicorn-4.8.3/lib/unicorn.rb:48： in`block in builder'
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337985 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/unicorn-4.8。 3 / lib / unicorn.rb：48：在`eval'
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337988 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1。 0 / gems / unicorn-4.8.3 / lib / unicorn / http_server.rb：764：在`call'
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337996 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from / app / vendor / bundle / ruby​​ / 2.1.0 / bin / unicorn：23：`load'
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337991 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from / app / vendor / bundle / ruby​​ / 2.1.0 / gems / unicorn-4.8.3 / lib / unicorn / http_server.rb：764：在`build_app！'
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337993 + 00：00 app [web.1]：从/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/unicorn-4.8.3/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:137:in`start'
2014-07 -23T07：08：33.33799 4 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/unicorn-4.8.3/bin/unicorn:126:in`< top（required）> '
2014-07-23T07：08：33.337997 + 00：00 app [web.1]：from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/bin/unicorn:23:in`< main> ;'
2014-07-23T07：08：34.476119 + 00：00 heroku [web.1]：状态从开始变为崩溃
2014-07-23T07：08：30.884736 + 00：00 heroku [web.1]：用命令`bundle exec unicorn -p 40495 -c。/ config / unicorn.rb`启动进程
2014-07-23T07：08：34.441069 + 00：00 heroku [web.1] ：进程退出状态1
2014-07-23T07：12：52.276241 + 00：00 heroku [router]：at = error code = H10 desc =应用程序崩溃method = GET path =/host = cfilink.herokuapp.com request_id = 74ecf2fe-bcc2-4beb-9d0c-09be5181e4d8 fwd =99.169.168.250dyno = connect = service = status = 503 bytes =

这是我的Gem文件

  source'https://rubygems.org'
 ruby​​'2.1.2'
 gem'rails'，'4.1.4'
 gem'sass-rails'，'〜> 4.0.3'
 gem'uglifier'，'> = 1.3.0'
 gem'coffee-rails'，'〜> 4.0.0'
 gem'jquery-rails'
 gem'turbolinks'
 gem'jbuilder'，'〜> 2.0'
 gem'sdoc'，'〜> 0.4.0'，group：：doc 
 gem'spring'，group：：development 
 gem'bootstrap-sass'
 gem'devise'，'〜> 3.2.4'
宝石'devise_invitable'
宝石'pg'
宝石'pundit'
宝石'独角兽'
宝石'独角兽'
 gem'figaro'
 gem'rails_12factor'，'〜> 0.0.2'
 group：development do 
 gem'better_errors'
 gem'binding_of_caller'，：platforms => [：mri_21] 
 gem'guard-bundler'
 gem'guard-rails'
 gem'guard-rspec'
 gem'hub'，：require =>无
 gem'quiet_assets'
 gem'rails_layout'
 gem'rb-fchange'，：require => false 
 gem'rb-fsevent'，：require => false 
 gem'rb-inotify'，：require => false 
 end 
 group：development，：test do 
 gem'factory_girl_rails'
 gem'rspec-rails'
 end 
 group：test do 
 gem'capybara'
 gem'database_cleaner'
 gem'faker'
 gem'launchy'
 gem'selenium-webdriver'
 end 
  

我的secrets.yml文件



 开发：
 admin_name：第一个用户
 admin_email：[e-mail] 
 admin_password：changeme 
 email_provider_username：<％= E NV [GMAIL_USERNAME]％> 
 email_provider_password：<％= ENV [GMAIL_PASSWORD]％> 
 DOMAIN_NAME：example.com 
 secret_key_base：7032833bb8e9bf8f3d46ad9b886aca9bb41a0d92adb3c1080570e24bdb31459d240f58721d7681b2486d5d9d352a608feb434be880c507155e719a9dfe678b19 
 
测试：
 DOMAIN_NAME：example.com 
 secret_key_base：0de0958bbdd2608a2e1a4378660d4ec4f50b2df23cd85f5508c5bb1c821cb129bc9f799421deb622950c0e3ba7e344d8ee3fe693b8b162aa4b685907ff8df13e 
 
 ＃不要在仓库中保留生产秘密，
＃而是从环境中读取值。 
制作：
 admin_name：<％= ENV [ADMIN_NAME]％> 
 admin_email：<％= ENV [ADMIN_EMAIL]％> 
 admin_password：<％= ENV [ADMIN_PASSWORD]％> 
 email_provider_username：<％= ENV [GMAIL_USERNAME]％> 
 email_provider_password：<％= ENV [GMAIL_PASSWORD]％> 
 domain_name：<％= ENV [DOMAIN_NAME]％> 
 secret_key_base：<％= ENV [SECRET_KEY_BASE]％> 
  

我的application.yml文件（figaro gem）

  GMAIL_USERNAME：[e-mail] 
 GMAIL_PASSWORD：mypassword 
 DOMAIN_NAME：studiorooster.com 
  $ b $ div class =h2_lin>解决方案

这是真正导致错误的原因。

  /app/config/initializers/devise.rb:13 
  

如果你仍然有这个代码13

  config.mailer_sender ='no-reply @'+ Rails.application。 secrets.domain_name 
  

然后原因是 Rails.application.secrets.domain_name 是零。在Heroku中，你必须通过einvironment变量设置秘密，并在生产部分的erb parsed secrets.yml中读取它们。

  eg 
＃secrets.yml 
 
开发：
 
域名：example.com 
 
生产：
域名：<％ = ENV ['DOMAIN_NAME']％> 
  




This answer seems to have been answered in various ways, but none that seemed to fit my exact issue. I am using the app from RailsApps https://github.com/RailsApps/rails-devise-pundit

The app works perfectly on my local Ubuntu 14.04 machine, but when I deploy it to Heroku, I get an 'application error' on the page my app should have been started. I ran 'heroku logs' but can't be sure what the exact issue is. Below is my log as well as my Gem file. Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thank you.

Here is My Log

2014-07-23T07:01:02.819470+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:241:in `load'
2014-07-23T07:01:02.819467+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:241:in `block in load'
2014-07-23T07:01:02.819544+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:347:in `block in each_strongly_connected_component'
2014-07-23T07:01:02.819471+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/engine.rb:648:in `block in load_config_initializer'
2014-07-23T07:01:02.819499+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:427:in `each_strongly_connected_component_from'
2014-07-23T07:01:02.819476+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/engine.rb:647:in `load_config_initializer'
2014-07-23T07:01:02.819485+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `instance_exec'
2014-07-23T07:01:02.819488+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `run'
2014-07-23T07:01:02.819497+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:418:in `block (2 levels) in each_strongly_connected_component_from'
2014-07-23T07:01:02.819550+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:345:in `call'
2014-07-23T07:01:02.819553+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:224:in `tsort_each'
2014-07-23T07:01:02.819551+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:345:in `each_strongly_connected_component'
2014-07-23T07:01:02.819554+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:205:in `tsort_each'
2014-07-23T07:01:02.819559+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/application.rb:300:in `initialize!'
2014-07-23T07:01:02.819560+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/config/environment.rb:5:in `<top (required)>'
2014-07-23T07:01:02.819564+00:00 app[web.1]:    from config.ru:4:in `require'
2014-07-23T07:01:02.819569+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/rack-1.5.2/lib/rack/builder.rb:55:in `instance_eval'
2014-07-23T07:01:02.819570+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/rack-1.5.2/lib/rack/builder.rb:55:in `initialize'
2014-07-23T07:01:02.819574+00:00 app[web.1]:    from config.ru:1:in `new'
2014-07-23T07:01:02.819566+00:00 app[web.1]:    from config.ru:4:in `block in <main>'
2014-07-23T07:01:02.819511+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:411:in `each_strongly_connected_component_from'
2014-07-23T07:01:02.819482+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/engine.rb:611:in `each'
2014-07-23T07:01:02.819580+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/unicorn-4.8.3/lib/unicorn.rb:48:in `block in builder'
2014-07-23T07:01:02.819583+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/unicorn-4.8.3/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:764:in `call'
2014-07-23T07:01:02.
819575+00:00 app[web.1]:        from config.ru:1:in `<main>'
2014-07-23T07:01:02.819584+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/unicorn-4.8.3/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:764:in `build_app!'
2014-07-23T07:01:02.819589+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/unicorn-4.8.3/bin/unicorn:126:in `<top (required)>'
2014-07-23T07:01:02.819612+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/bin/unicorn:23:in `<main>'
2014-07-23T07:01:02.819578+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/unicorn-4.8.3/lib/unicorn.rb:48:in `eval'
2014-07-23T07:01:02.819557+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/initializable.rb:54:in `run_initializers'
2014-07-23T07:01:02.819494+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:348:in `block (2 levels) in each_strongly_connected_component'
2014-07-23T07:01:02.819546+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:345:in `each'
2014-07-23T07:01:02.819587+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/unicorn-4.8.3/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:137:in `start'
2014-07-23T07:01:02.819611+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/bin/unicorn:23:in `load'
2014-07-23T07:01:04.031160+00:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from starting to crashed
2014-07-23T07:01:04.733648+00:00 heroku[router]: at=error code=H10 desc="App crashed" method=GET path="/" host=cfilink.herokuapp.com request_id=86caffee-16f4-4f06-a6d8-7930d96c7135 fwd="54.237.152.106" dyno= connect= service= status=503 bytes=
2014-07-23T07:01:04.020673+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process exited with status 1
2014-07-23T07:01:00.263828+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Starting process with command `bundle exec unicorn -p 5019 -c ./config/unicorn.rb`
2014-07-23T07:01:17.938391+00:00 heroku[router]: at=error code=H10 desc="App crashed" method=GET path="/" host=cfilink.herokuapp.com request_id=96c1bf22-04ca-408b-b2c5-6a6282763eb2 fwd="99.169.168.250" dyno= connect= service= status=503 bytes=
2014-07-23T07:01:21.119579+00:00 heroku[router]: at=error code=H10 desc="App crashed" method=GET path="/" host=cfilink.herokuapp.com request_id=14e4d82e-c91f-49eb-bd81-d689e6f0f75a fwd="99.169.168.250" dyno= connect= service= status=503 bytes=
2014-07-23T07:01:22.528876+00:00 heroku[router]: at=error code=H10 desc="App crashed" method=GET path="/" host=cfilink.herokuapp.com request_id=343a0401-da9f-4ec6-99a1-70489632e40b fwd="99.169.168.250" dyno= connect= service= status=503 bytes=
2014-07-23T07:01:24.008236+00:00 heroku[router]: at=error code=H10 desc="App crashed" method=GET path="/" host=cfilink.herokuapp.com request_id=47981f94-e284-4b18-bec2-282f656e5289 fwd="99.169.168.250" dyno= connect= service= status=503 bytes=
2014-07-23T07:01:25.044701+00:00 heroku[router]: at=error code=H10 desc="App crashed" method=GET path="/" host=cfilink.herokuapp.co
m request_id=56593500-3931-4e5f-a44d-1b65879dff76 fwd="99.169.168.250" dyno= connect= service= status=503 bytes=
2014-07-23T07:01:27.515189+00:00 heroku[router]: at=error code=H10 desc="App crashed" method=GET path="/" host=cfilink.herokuapp.com request_id=d7b8d1b8-272a-4f05-b962-88e74fb27647 fwd="99.169.168.250" dyno= connect= service= status=503 bytes=
2014-07-23T07:01:29.495853+00:00 heroku[router]: at=error code=H10 desc="App crashed" method=GET path="/" host=cfilink.herokuapp.com request_id=15f0a28d-9d90-4114-bdc2-86ced1502757 fwd="99.169.168.250" dyno= connect= service= status=503 bytes=
2014-07-23T07:01:52.893456+00:00 heroku[router]: at=error code=H10 desc="App crashed" method=GET path="/" host=cfilink.herokuapp.com request_id=08f79ef3-8a34-4098-856e-6a841bbc9214 fwd="99.169.168.250" dyno= connect= service= status=503 bytes=
2014-07-23T07:08:27.346505+00:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from crashed to starting
2014-07-23T07:08:32.470674+00:00 app[web.1]: I, [2014-07-23T07:08:32.470553 #2]  INFO -- : Refreshing Gem list
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337873+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/config/initializers/devise.rb:13:in `block in <top (required)>'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337880+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:241:in `load'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337886+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:241:in `load'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337893+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/engine.rb:647:in `load_config_initializer'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337883+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:232:in `load_dependency'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337888+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/engine.rb:648:in `block in load_config_initializer'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337922+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:348:in `block (2 levels) in each_strongly_connected_component'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337926+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:417:in `block in each_strongly_connected_component_from'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337865+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/config/initializers/devise.rb:13:in `+': no implicit conversion of nil into String (TypeError)
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337889+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/notifications.rb:161:in `instrument'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337894+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/engine.rb:612:in `block (2 levels) in <class:Engine>'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337918+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:226:in `block in tsort_each'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337876+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/config/initializers/devise.rb:3:in `<top (required)>'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337881+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:241:in `block in load'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337940+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:345:in `call'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337874+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/devise-3.2.4/lib/devise.rb:288:in `setup'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337898+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/engine.rb:611:in `each'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337929+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/initializable.rb:44:in `tsort_each_child'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337932+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:411:in `call'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337900+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/engine.rb:611:in `block in <class:Engine>'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337905+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/ra
ilties-4.1.4/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `run'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337908+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/initializable.rb:55:in `block in run_initializers'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337923+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:418:in `block (2 levels) in each_strongly_connected_component_from'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337935+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:347:in `block in each_strongly_connected_component'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337936+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:345:in `each'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337903+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `instance_exec'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337925+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:427:in `each_strongly_connected_component_from'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337927+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/initializable.rb:44:in `each'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337953+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/initializable.rb:54:in `run_initializers'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337934+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:411:in `each_strongly_connected_component_from'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337946+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:224:in `tsort_each'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337943+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:345:in `each_strongly_connected_component'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337979+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/rack-1.5.2/lib/rack/builder.rb:55:in `instance_eval'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337954+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/application.rb:300:in `initialize!'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337974+00:00 app[web.1]:    from config.ru:4:in `require'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337982+00:00 app[web.1]:    from config.ru:1:in `new'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337972+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/config/environment.rb:5:in `<top (required)>'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337950+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:205:in `tsort_each'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337978+00:00 app[web.1]:    from config.ru:4:in `block in <main>'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337984+00:00 app[web.1]:    from config.ru:1:in `<main>'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337981+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/rack-1.5.2/lib/rack/builder.rb:55:in `initialize'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337986+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/unicorn-4.8.3/lib/unicorn.rb:48:in `block in builder'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337985+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/unicorn-4.8.3/lib/unicorn.rb:48:in `eval'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337988+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/unicorn-4.8.3/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:764:in `call'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337996+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/bin/unicorn:23:in `load'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337991+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/unicorn-4.8.3/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:764:in `build_app!'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337993+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/unicorn-4.8.3/lib/unicorn/http_server.rb:137:in `start'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337994+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/gems/unicorn-4.8.3/bin/unicorn:126:in `<top (required)>'
2014-07-23T07:08:33.337997+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.1.0/bin/unicorn:23:in `<main>'
2014-07-23T07:08:34.476119+00:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from starting to crashed
2014-07-23T07:08:30.884736+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Starting process with command `bundle exec unicorn -p 40495 -c ./config/unicorn.rb`
2014-07-23T07:08:34.441069+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process exited with status 1
2014-07-23T07:12:52.276241+00:00 heroku[router]: at=error code=H10 desc="App crashed" method=GET path="/" host=cfilink.herokuapp.com request_id=74ecf2fe-bcc2-4beb-9d0c-09be5181e4d8 fwd="99.169.168.250" dyno= connect= service= status=503 bytes=

And here is my Gem File

source 'https://rubygems.org'
ruby '2.1.2'
gem 'rails', '4.1.4'
gem 'sass-rails', '~> 4.0.3'
gem 'uglifier', '>= 1.3.0'
gem 'coffee-rails', '~> 4.0.0'
gem 'jquery-rails'
gem 'turbolinks'
gem 'jbuilder', '~> 2.0'
gem 'sdoc', '~> 0.4.0',          group: :doc
gem 'spring',        group: :development
gem 'bootstrap-sass'
gem 'devise', '~> 3.2.4'
gem 'devise_invitable'
gem 'pg'
gem 'pundit'
gem 'unicorn'
gem 'unicorn-rails'
gem 'figaro'
gem 'rails_12factor', '~> 0.0.2'
group :development do
  gem 'better_errors'
  gem 'binding_of_caller', :platforms=>[:mri_21]
  gem 'guard-bundler'
  gem 'guard-rails'
  gem 'guard-rspec'
  gem 'hub', :require=>nil
  gem 'quiet_assets'
  gem 'rails_layout'
  gem 'rb-fchange', :require=>false
  gem 'rb-fsevent', :require=>false
  gem 'rb-inotify', :require=>false
end
group :development, :test do
  gem 'factory_girl_rails'
  gem 'rspec-rails'
end
group :test do
  gem 'capybara'
  gem 'database_cleaner'
  gem 'faker'
  gem 'launchy'
  gem 'selenium-webdriver'
end

My secrets.yml file

development:
  admin_name: First User
  admin_email: [e-mail]
  admin_password: changeme
  email_provider_username: <%= ENV["GMAIL_USERNAME"] %>
  email_provider_password: <%= ENV["GMAIL_PASSWORD"] %>
  domain_name: example.com
  secret_key_base: 7032833bb8e9bf8f3d46ad9b886aca9bb41a0d92adb3c1080570e24bdb31459d240f58721d7681b2486d5d9d352a608feb434be880c507155e719a9dfe678b19

test:
  domain_name: example.com
  secret_key_base: 0de0958bbdd2608a2e1a4378660d4ec4f50b2df23cd85f5508c5bb1c821cb129bc9f799421deb622950c0e3ba7e344d8ee3fe693b8b162aa4b685907ff8df13e

# Do not keep production secrets in the repository,
# instead read values from the environment.
production:
  admin_name: <%= ENV["ADMIN_NAME"] %>
  admin_email: <%= ENV["ADMIN_EMAIL"] %>
  admin_password: <%= ENV["ADMIN_PASSWORD"] %>
  email_provider_username: <%= ENV["GMAIL_USERNAME"] %>
  email_provider_password: <%= ENV["GMAIL_PASSWORD"] %>
  domain_name: <%= ENV["DOMAIN_NAME"] %>
  secret_key_base: <%= ENV["SECRET_KEY_BASE"] %>

My application.yml file (figaro gem)

GMAIL_USERNAME: [e-mail]
GMAIL_PASSWORD: mypassword
DOMAIN_NAME: studiorooster.com

解决方案

This is what really caused the error

/app/config/initializers/devise.rb:13

If you still have this code in 13

 config.mailer_sender = 'no-reply@' + Rails.application.secrets.domain_name

Then the reason is that Rails.application.secrets.domain_name is nil. On Heroku you have to set the secrets through einvironment variables und read them in the erb parsed secrets.yml in the production section

e.g
#secrets.yml

 development:  

   domain_name: example.com

production:
   domain_name: <%= ENV['DOMAIN_NAME'] %>

这篇关于部署Rails应用程序Heroku保持崩溃的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！