python：列出包中的模块 [英] python: list modules within the package

问题描述

我有一个包含几个模块的包，每个模块都有一个类（或几个类）。我需要获取包中所有模块的列表。在python中是否有这个API？

I have a package with a few modules, each module has a class (or a few classes) defined within it. I need to get the list of all modules within the package. Is there an API for this in python?

这是文件结构：

\pkg\
\pkg\__init__.py
\pkg\module1.py -> defines Class1
\pkg\module2.py -> defines Class2
\pkg\module3.py -> defines Class3 and Class31

我需要获取列表 pkg 中的模块，然后导入这些模块中定义的所有类

from within module1 I need to get the list of modules within pkg, and then import all the classes defined in these modules

更新1：
好​​了，在考虑了答案之后下面的评论我认为，这并不容易实现我的需要。为了使我在下面提出的代码有效，所有模块都应该事先明确导入。

Update 1: Ok, after considering the answers and comments below I figured, that it's not that's easy to achieve my need. In order to have the code I proposed below working, all the modules should be explicitly imported beforehand.

所以现在新概念：
如何获取列表包中的模块没有加载模块？使用python API，即 - 没有列出包文件夹中的所有文件？

So now the new concept: How to get the list of modules within a package without loading the modules? Using python API, i.e. - without listing all the files in the package folder?

谢谢
ak

Thanks ak

推荐答案

好吧，这实际上非常简单：

ok, this was actually pretty straightforward:

import pkg

sub_modules = (                                 
    pkg.__dict__.get(a) for a in dir(pkg) 
    if isinstance(                              
        pkg.__dict__.get(a), types.ModuleType
    )                                           
)               

for m in sub_modules:                                      
    for c in (                                             
        m.__dict__.get(a) for a in dir(m)                  
        if isinstance(m.__dict__.get(a), type(Base))
    ):          
        """ c is what I needed """

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