重载>> ifstream_iterator用于配对 [英] Overloading >> ifstream_iterator for pairs
问题描述
我正在尝试在对上构造ifstream_iterator。我的代码如下:
I am trying to construct an ifstream_iterator on pair. My code is as follows:
typedef pair<float, int> T;
istream& operator>>(istream& stream, T& in) {
stream >> in.first >> in.second;
return stream;
}
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
ifstream infile("dummy2");
istream_iterator<T> iit(infile);
istream_iterator<T> eos;
while (iit != eos) {
cout << (*iit).first << endl;
++iit;
}
return 0;
}
我有一个虚拟文件dummy2,如下所示:
I have a dummy file "dummy2" as follows:
"a" 4 "b" 5
我想输出对{a,4}和{b,5}。
I would like to output pairs {"a", 4} and {"b", 5}.
但是,我得到了令人讨厌的编译错误
However, I get nasty compilation error
In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.6/iterator:66:0,
from filestream.cpp:9:
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stream_iterator.h: In member function ‘void std::istream_iterator<_Tp, _CharT, _Traits, _Dist>::_M_read() [with _Tp = std::pair<float, int>, _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>, _Dist = long int]’:
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stream_iterator.h:70:9: instantiated from ‘std::istream_iterator<_Tp, _CharT, _Traits, _Dist>::istream_iterator(std::istream_iterator<_Tp, _CharT, _Traits, _Dist>::istream_type&) [with _Tp = std::pair<float, int>, _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>, _Dist = long int, std::istream_iterator<_Tp, _CharT, _Traits, _Dist>::istream_type = std::basic_istream<char>]’
filestream.cpp:32:33: instantiated from here
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stream_iterator.h:121:6: error: no match for ‘operator>>’ in ‘*((std::istream_iterator<std::pair<float, int> >*)this)->std::istream_iterator<std::pair<float, int> >::_M_stream >> ((std::istream_iterator<std::pair<float, int> >*)this)->std::istream_iterator<std::pair<float, int> >::_M_value’
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stream_iterator.h:121:6: note: candidates are:
/usr/include/c++/4.6/istream:122:7: note: std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type& std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type& (*)(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type&)) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>, std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type = std::basic_istream<char>]
/usr/include/c++/4.6/istream:122:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from ‘std::pair<float, int>’ to ‘std::basic_istream<char>::__istream_type& (*)(std::basic_istream<char>::__istream_type&) {aka std::basic_istream<char>& (*)(std::basic_istream<char>&)}’
/usr/include/c++/4.6/istream:126:7: note: std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type& std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__ios_type& (*)(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__ios_type&)) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>, std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type = std::basic_istream<char>, std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__ios_type = std::basic_ios<char>]
/usr/include/c++/4.6/istream:126:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from ‘std::pair<float, int>’ to ‘std::basic_istream<char>::__ios_type& (*)(std::basic_istream<char>::__ios_type&) {aka std::basic_ios<char>& (*)(std::basic_ios<char>&)}’
/usr/include/c++/4.6/istream:133:7: note: std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type& std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator>>(std::ios_base& (*)(std::ios_base&)) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>, std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type = std::basic_istream<char>]
/usr/include/c++/4.6/istream:133:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from ‘std::pair<float, int>’ to ‘std::ios_base& (*)(std::ios_base&)’
/usr/include/c++/4.6/istream:169:7: note: std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type& std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator>>(bool&) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>, std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type = std::basic_istream<char>]
/usr/include/c++/4.6/istream:169:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from ‘std::pair<float, int>’ to ‘bool&’
/usr/include/c++/4.6/istream:173:7: note: std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator>>(short int&) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>]
/usr/include/c++/4.6/istream:173:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from ‘std::pair<float, int>’ to ‘short int&’
/usr/include/c++/4.6/istream:176:7: note: std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type& std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator>>(short unsigned int&) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>, std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type = std::basic_istream<char>]
/usr/include/c++/4.6/istream:176:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from ‘std::pair<float, int>’ to ‘short unsigned int&’
/usr/include/c++/4.6/istream:180:7: note: std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator>>(int&) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>]
/usr/include/c++/4.6/istream:180:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from ‘std::pair<float, int>’ to ‘int&’
/usr/include/c++/4.6/istream:183:7: note: std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type& std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator>>(unsigned int&) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>, std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type = std::basic_istream<char>]
/usr/include/c++/4.6/istream:183:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from ‘std::pair<float, int>’ to ‘unsigned int&’
/usr/include/c++/4.6/istream:187:7: note: std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type& std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator>>(long int&) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>, std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type = std::basic_istream<char>]
/usr/include/c++/4.6/istream:187:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from ‘std::pair<float, int>’ to ‘long int&’
/usr/include/c++/4.6/istream:191:7: note: std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type& std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator>>(long unsigned int&) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>, std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type = std::basic_istream<char>]
/usr/include/c++/4.6/istream:191:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from ‘std::pair<float, int>’ to ‘long unsigned int&’
/usr/include/c++/4.6/istream:196:7: note: std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type& std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator>>(long long int&) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>, std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type = std::basic_istream<char>]
/usr/include/c++/4.6/istream:196:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from ‘std::pair<float, int>’ to ‘long long int&’
/usr/include/c++/4.6/istream:200:7: note: std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type& std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator>>(long long unsigned int&) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>, std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type = std::basic_istream<char>]
/usr/include/c++/4.6/istream:200:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from ‘std::pair<float, int>’ to ‘long long unsigned int&’
/usr/include/c++/4.6/istream:205:7: note: std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type& std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator>>(float&) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>, std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type = std::basic_istream<char>]
/usr/include/c++/4.6/istream:205:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from ‘std::pair<float, int>’ to ‘float&’
/usr/include/c++/4.6/istream:209:7: note: std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type& std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator>>(double&) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>, std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type = std::basic_istream<char>]
/usr/include/c++/4.6/istream:209:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from ‘std::pair<float, int>’ to ‘double&’
/usr/include/c++/4.6/istream:213:7: note: std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type& std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator>>(long double&) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>, std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type = std::basic_istream<char>]
/usr/include/c++/4.6/istream:213:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from ‘std::pair<float, int>’ to ‘long double&’
/usr/include/c++/4.6/istream:217:7: note: std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type& std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator>>(void*&) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>, std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type = std::basic_istream<char>]
/usr/include/c++/4.6/istream:217:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from ‘std::pair<float, int>’ to ‘void*&’
/usr/include/c++/4.6/istream:241:7: note: std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__streambuf_type*) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>, std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__streambuf_type = std::basic_streambuf<char>]
/usr/include/c++/4.6/istream:241:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from ‘std::pair<float, int>’ to ‘std::basic_istream<char>::__streambuf_type* {aka std::basic_streambuf<char>*}’
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/basic_string.tcc:998:5: note: template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Alloc> std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&, std::basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>&)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/random.tcc:923:5: note: template<class _IntType, class _CharT, class _Traits> std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&, std::uniform_int_distribution<_IntType>&)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/random.tcc:968:5: note: template<class _RealType, class _CharT, class _Traits> std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&, std::uniform_real_distribution<_RealType>&)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/random.tcc:1890:5: note: template<class _RealType, class _CharT, class _Traits> std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&, std::cauchy_distribution<_RealType>&)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/random.h:3381:5: note: template<class _CharT, class _Traits> std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&, std::bernoulli_distribution&)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/random.tcc:1733:5: note: template<class _RealType1, class _CharT, class _Traits> std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&, std::normal_distribution<_RealType1>&)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/random.tcc:1063:5: note: template<class _IntType, class _CharT, class _Traits> std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&, std::geometric_distribution<_IntType>&)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/random.tcc:2085:5: note: template<class _RealType1, class _CharT, class _Traits> std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&, std::gamma_distribution<_RealType1>&)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/random.tcc:1622:5: note: template<class _RealType, class _CharT, class _Traits> std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&, std::exponential_distribution<_RealType>&)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/random.tcc:2143:5: note: template<class _RealType, class _CharT, class _Traits> std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&, std::weibull_distribution<_RealType>&)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/random.tcc:2200:5: note: template<class _RealType, class _CharT, class _Traits> std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&, std::extreme_value_distribution<_RealType>&)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/random.tcc:194:5: note: template<class _UIntType, _UIntType __a, _UIntType __c, _UIntType __m, class _CharT, class _Traits> std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&, std::linear_congruential_engine<_UIntType, __a, __c, __m>&)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/random.tcc:491:5: note: template<class _UIntType, long unsigned int __w, long unsigned int __n, long unsigned int __m, long unsigned int __r, _UIntType __a, long unsigned int __u, _UIntType __d, long unsigned int __s, _UIntType __b, long unsigned int __t, _UIntType __c, long unsigned int __l, _UIntType __f, class _CharT, class _Traits> std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&, std::mersenne_twister_engine<_UIntType, __w, __n, __m, __r, __a, __u, __d, __s, __b, __t, __c, __l, __f>&)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/random.tcc:642:5: note: template<class _UIntType, long unsigned int __w, long unsigned int __s, long unsigned int __r, class _CharT, class _Traits> std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&, std::subtract_with_carry_engine<_UIntType, __w, __s, __r>&)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/random.tcc:709:5: note: template<class _RandomNumberEngine, long unsigned int __p, long unsigned int __r, class _CharT, class _Traits> std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&, std::discard_block_engine<_RandomNumberEngine, __p, __r>&)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/random.tcc:815:5: note: template<class _RandomNumberEngine, long unsigned int __k, class _CharT, class _Traits> std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&, std::shuffle_order_engine<_RandomNumberEngine, __k>&)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/random.tcc:1138:5: note: template<class _IntType, class _CharT, class _Traits> std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&, std::negative_binomial_distribution<_IntType>&)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/random.tcc:1328:5: note: template<class _IntType, class _CharT, class _Traits> std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&, std::poisson_distribution<_IntType>&)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/random.tcc:1577:5: note: template<class _IntType, class _CharT, class _Traits> std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&, std::binomial_distribution<_IntType>&)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/random.tcc:1782:5: note: template<class _RealType, class _CharT, class _Traits> std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&, std::lognormal_distribution<_RealType>&)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/random.tcc:1827:5: note: template<class _RealType, class _CharT, class _Traits> std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&, std::chi_squared_distribution<_RealType>&)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/random.tcc:1936:5: note: template<class _RealType, class _CharT, class _Traits> std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&, std::fisher_f_distribution<_RealType>&)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/random.tcc:1981:5: note: template<class _RealType, class _CharT, class _Traits> std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&, std::student_t_distribution<_RealType>&)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/random.tcc:2308:5: note: template<class _IntType, class _CharT, class _Traits> std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&, std::discrete_distribution<_IntType>&)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/random.tcc:2488:5: note: template<class _RealType, class _CharT, class _Traits> std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&, std::piecewise_constant_distribution<_RealType>&)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/random.tcc:2690:5: note: template<class _RealType, class _CharT, class _Traits> std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&, std::piecewise_linear_distribution<_RealType>&)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/istream.tcc:957:5: note: template<class _CharT2, class _Traits2> std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&, _CharT2*)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/istream.tcc:925:5: note: template<class _CharT, class _Traits> std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&, _CharT&)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/istream:709:5: note: template<class _Traits> std::basic_istream<char, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<char, _Traits>&, unsigned char&)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/istream:714:5: note: template<class _Traits> std::basic_istream<char, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<char, _Traits>&, signed char&)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/istream:756:5: note: template<class _Traits> std::basic_istream<char, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<char, _Traits>&, unsigned char*)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/istream:761:5: note: template<class _Traits> std::basic_istream<char, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<char, _Traits>&, signed char*)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/istream:852:5: note: std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&&, _Tp&) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>, _Tp = std::pair<float, int>] <near match>
/usr/include/c++/4.6/istream:852:5: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from ‘std::istream_iterator<std::pair<float, int> >::istream_type {aka std::basic_istream<char>}’ to ‘std::basic_istream<char>&&’
/usr/include/c++/4.6/iomanip:70:5: note: template<class _CharT, class _Traits> std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&, std::_Resetiosflags)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/iomanip:100:5: note: template<class _CharT, class _Traits> std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&, std::_Setiosflags)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/iomanip:131:5: note: template<class _CharT, class _Traits> std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&, std::_Setbase)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/iomanip:169:5: note: template<class _CharT, class _Traits> std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&, std::_Setfill<_CharT>)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/iomanip:199:5: note: template<class _CharT, class _Traits> std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&, std::_Setprecision)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/iomanip:229:5: note: template<class _CharT, class _Traits> std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&, std::_Setw)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/iomanip:263:5: note: template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _MoneyT> std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&, std::_Get_money<_MoneyT>)
make: *** [filestream] Error 1
我无法理解这里发生的事情。任何帮助表示赞赏。
非常感谢!
I cannot quite make sense of what is happening here. Any help is appreciated. Thanks a lot!
推荐答案
你会注意到这样做:
T t;
infile >> t;
像魅力一样!怎么了?
std :: pair
在名称空间 std $中声明c $ c>。
istream_iterator<>
使用运算符>>
确实,它在实例化时使用ADL(这称为两阶段查找)。
istream_iterator<>
uses operator>>
indeed, and it does so using ADL at instantiation time (this is known as two-phase-lookup).
但是,在实例化时,它不会考虑您的运算符>>
,因为它在实现 istream_iterator $ c的命名空间中不存在$ c>并且它都没有在参数隐含的任何关联命名空间中声明(这是ADL步骤)。
However, at instantiation time, it will not consider your operator>>
as it doesn't exist in the namespace that implements istream_iterator
and neither was it declared in any of the associated namespaces implied by the arguments (this is the ADL step).
你可以通过在 std
命名空间中定义你的重载来诱惑修复它(并且它有效)但标准不允许这样做,并且在技术上导致 未定义的行为 。
You could be tempted "fix" it by defining your overload in the std
namespace (and it works) but that is not allowed by the standard and technically results in Undefined Behaviour.
所以你最好引入允许ADL启动的类型:
So you'd do better to introduce a type that allows ADL to kick in:
struct T : public std::pair<int,float> {};
#include <utility>
#include <iostream>
#include <iterator>
struct T : std::pair<float, int> {
using std::pair<float, int>::pair;
};
std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& stream, T& in) {
return stream >> in.first >> in.second;
}
int main() {
std::istream_iterator<T> iit(std::cin);
std::istream_iterator<T> eos;
while (iit != eos) {
std::cout << (*iit).first << std::endl;
++iit;
}
}
我怀疑理论上你应该能够通过重新排序包括并尽早注入过载来欺骗事物,因此在名字查找的第一阶段它是可见的。但是,这个选项是否可用取决于实现,如果你运气不好,你仍然无法在不改变标准库头的情况下实现它( 不要那样做 强>)。
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