让JSON对象接受字节或让urlopen输出字符串 [英] Let JSON object accept bytes or let urlopen output strings

问题描述

使用Python 3时，我需要从URL请求一个json文档.

With Python 3 I am requesting a json document from a URL.

response = urllib.request.urlopen(request)

response对象是具有read和readline方法的类似文件的对象.通常，可以使用在文本模式下打开的文件来创建JSON对象.

The response object is a file-like object with read and readline methods. Normally a JSON object can be created with a file opened in text mode.

obj = json.load(fp)

我想做的是:

obj = json.load(response)

但是这不起作用，因为urlopen以二进制模式返回文件对象.

This however does not work as urlopen returns a file object in binary mode.

解决方法当然是:

str_response = response.read().decode('utf-8')
obj = json.loads(str_response)

但这感觉很糟糕...

but this feels bad...

有没有更好的方法可以将字节文件对象转换为字符串文件对象?还是我缺少urlopen或json.load的任何参数来提供编码?

Is there a better way that I can transform a bytes file object to a string file object? Or am I missing any parameters for either urlopen or json.load to give an encoding?

推荐答案

HTTP发送字节.如果所讨论的资源是文本，则通常通过Content-Type HTTP标头或其他机制(RFC，HTML meta http-equiv，...)指定字符编码.

HTTP sends bytes. If the resource in question is text, the character encoding is normally specified, either by the Content-Type HTTP header or by another mechanism (an RFC, HTML meta http-equiv,...).

urllib 应该知道如何将字节编码为字符串，但这太幼稚了-它是一个功能强大且功能强大的非Pythonic库.

urllib should know how to encode the bytes to a string, but it's too naïve—it's a horribly underpowered and un-Pythonic library.

深入Python 3 提供有关情况的概述.

Dive Into Python 3 provides an overview about the situation.

您的变通方法"很好-尽管感觉不对，但这是正确的方法.

Your "work-around" is fine—although it feels wrong, it's the correct way to do it.

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