Python 3，让json对象接受字节或让urlopen输出字符串 [英] Python 3, let json object accept bytes or let urlopen output strings

问题描述

使用Python3我从一些url请求一个json文档。

With Python3 I am requesting from some url a json document.

response = urllib.request.urlopen(request)

响应对象是一个像读，读线功能。

The response object is a file like object with read, readline functions.

通常可以使用一个文件（以textmode打开）创建一个json对象

Normally a json object can be created with a file (opened in textmode)

obj = json.load(fp)

我想做的是： / p>

What I would like to do is:

obj = json.load(response)

然而，这个urlopen以二进制模式返回文件对象不起作用。

this however does not work as urlopen returns a file object in binary mode.

当然有一个工作：

str_response = response.readall().decode('utf-8')
obj = json.loads(str_response)

但这感觉很糟糕...

but this feels bad...

有没有更好的方法，我可以将字节文件对象转换为字符串文件对象？或者我缺少任何 urlopen 或 json.load 的参数以提供编码？

Is there a better way that I can transform a byte file object to a string file object? Or am I missing any parameters for either urlopen or json.load to give an encoding?

这将会是一个常见的用例，所以我有信心丢失一些有用的函数。

This would look to me as a common use case so I'm confident I'm missing some usefull function.

推荐答案

HTTP发送字节。如果有关资源是文本，则字符编码通常由Content-Type HTTP头或另一种机制（RFC，HTML meta http-equiv 指定， ...）

HTTP sends bytes. If the resource in question is text, the character encoding is normally specified, either by the Content-Type HTTP header or by another mechanism (an RFC, HTML meta http-equiv,...).

urllib 应该知道如何将字节编码为字符串，但它太天真了 - 这是一个可怕的弱势和非Pythonic库。

urllib should know how to encode the bytes to a string, but it's too naïve—it's a horribly underpowered and un-Pythonic library.

Dive Into Python 3 提供了有关情况的概述。

Dive Into Python 3 provides an overview about the situation.

您的解决方案很好 - 尽管感觉错误，这是正确的方式。

Your "work-around" is fine—although it feels wrong, it's the correct way to do it.

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