将IPython变量作为bash命令的参数传递 [英] Passing IPython variables as arguments to bash commands

问题描述

如何从Ipython/Jupyter笔记本执行bash命令，将python变量的值作为参数传递，如本例所示:

How do I execute a bash command from Ipython/Jupyter notebook passing the value of a python variable as an argument like in this example:

py_var="foo"
!grep py_var bar.txt

(显然，我想grep表示foo而不是文字字符串py_var)

(obviously I want to grep for foo and not the literal string py_var)

推荐答案

在变量名称前加上$.

示例

假设您要将文件file1复制到存储在名为dir_pth的python变量中的路径中:

Say you want to copy a file file1 to a path stored in a python variable named dir_pth:

dir_path = "/home/foo/bar"
!cp file1 $dir_path

从Ipython或Jupyter笔记本中

from Ipython or Jupyter notebook

编辑

由于Catbuilts的建议，如果要连接多个字符串以形成路径，请使用{..}而不是$..$. 在两种情况下都可行的一般解决方案是坚持使用{..}

Thanks to the suggestion from Catbuilts, if you want to concatenate multiple strings to form the path, use {..} instead of $..$. A general solution that works in both situations is to stick with {..}

dir_path = "/home/foo/bar"
!cp file1 {dir_path}

如果要在路径中添加另一个字符串sub_dir，则:

And if you want to concatinate another string sub_dir to your path, then:

!cp file1 {dir_path + sub_dir}

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